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The 

Normal Manual of Modern 

Sunday School Method 

In Three Volumes. Vol. 1, Method in 
Management. 

By 

PASTOE JAMES A. MITCHELL 

Author Of 

4 1 Bible Band and Prayer Meeting Topics" 

"The Prayer Meeting Quarterly" 

"The Negro Exodus" Etc. 

With Appendices of Three Chapters of 

Doctrinal Sermons by the Author. 

"The Articles of Faith" and 

"The Covenant" are 

Included. 



With an Introduction by 
The Rev. T. 0. FULLER, D. D. 



1919. 



Price $1.00. Mailed to any address, $1.10. 
One dozen $10.00 

Copyright applied for by Pastor Jas. A. Mitchell. 



^ 



Page 
Introduction 3 

Publisher's Note ..... • 4 

Preface ._ - . 6 

Twelve Features Constituting a 

Standard Sunday School 9 

Grading 22 

Departments 29 

The Officers ... v 40 

Did You Know? (Selected) 49 

The Art of Visiting the Sick — 

Anna Gilbert Mahon 51 

Methodic Sunday School Building 5? 

Where Is The Kingdom of God? 61 

What Is The Kingdom of God? 65 

Santification As Related to the 

Growth of Christian Character.. 69 

The Way of Salvation 90 

The Articles of Faith.. 103 

The Covenant 121 



©C1.A53 449 V X 






Method In Management. 



3 



INTRODUCTION. 

The Rev. James A. Mitchell, pastor of the 
Middle Baptist Church, Memphis, Tenn., and 
lecturer on Biblical Theology at Howe Institute, 
is well and favorably known to the writer as a 
close Bible student, a clear and forcible writer 
whose powers of analysis and aptness of pre- 
sentation mark him as a man of superior ability 
and worth. When the manuscript of his new 
book "The Normal Manual of Modern Sunday 
School Method" was presented the value of the 
production as a pedagogical outline and trea- 
tise in Sunday School Methods was immediate- 
ly apparent. I regard the work as a valuable 
contribution to Modern Sunday School litera- 
ture and bespeak for it a large place in the libra- 
ries of our Sunday schoois and workers. 

T. 0. FULLER. 



Method In Management. 



PUBLISHERS NOTE. 

THE REV. JAMES A. MITCHELL, from 
his many years of study and experience as a 
pastor among his people, has produced a strong 
book on the question of Sunday School Organ- 
ization and Management. 

The Publishers have never had the opportun- 
ity of presenting to the public a book with bet- 
ter methods of selection as to the subject mat- 
ter and teaching material. 

The writer, Pastor MITCHELL, has com- 
pleted the first of the three volumes in the title 
— "THE NORMAL MANUAL OF MODERN 
SUNDAY SCHOOL METHOD," this first vol- 
ume being "Method in Management. 9 ' 

The subject of Sunday school management 
is treated in simple terms ; the plans are easy to 
be understood, and easy to be operated; The 
principles for the basis of management are 
clearly defined; the transition of thought and 
topic has a beautiful unity. As a text-book for 
church and Sunday school workers, there is 
nothing more practical and adaptable. 

The "APPENDICES" contain three sermons 
of unusual skill in "homily," bearing upon the 
cardinal "Articles of Faith," The subjects of 
the sermons are: — "The Kingdom of Grod — 
Where Is It and What Is It," " Santif ication 
As Related to the Growth of Christian Charac- 



Method In Management. 5 

ter," and "The Way of Salvation." The rich 
and rare "selections" on the evangelical 
status of the Sunday school and ' ' How to Visit 
the Sick, ' ' add much to the wealth and literary 
treasure of this Strong Book. 

EVEEY PROGRESSIVE SUNDAY 

SCHOOL WORKER SHOULD 

HAVE A COPY. 

Memphis S. S. Publishing Co. 

54 N. Second St. Memphis, Tenn. 



6 Method Iw Management. 

PREFACE. 

Volume one of The NORMAL MANUAL OF 
MODERN SUNDAY SCHOOL METHOD 
dealing with METHOD IN MANAGEMENT 
of the Sunday school, is the first book of the 
series. 

METHOD. 

Method means a body of principles presented 
and treated as prominent factors in organiza- 
tion, classification and management to bring 
the Sunday school up to the required standard 
according to the modern Sunday school meth- 
ods. Method is based on sound psychology from 
which the body of principles is chiefly drawn; 
therefore the term is applied to the entire series, 
to-wit: Method in Management, Method in 
Physical and Psychical Pedagogy, Method in 
Teaching Material. 

METHODS. 

The term, "Methods" is different from that 
of METHOD. Methods are special plans and 
devices to be used in teaching any particular 
branch or subject, let that branch or subject 
be secular or religious. METHOD is a body 
of principles, and methods are the applications, 
of these principles in the teaching of branches 
and subjects. 

MANAGEMENT. 

Management deals with the organization of 



Method In Management. 7 

each school and its outline of study, or courses. 
Management, also, deals with all of the educa- 
tional forces as to their correlation and admin- 
istration. Management is different from 
METHOD.— METHOD deals with the princi- 
ples upon which good teaching is built: these 
principles are physical, intellectural and moral, 
and they are the trinity of human character. 

The aim of the author in writing this series 
of text books out of his thirty years of study 
of the Sunday school condition, and application 
and practice in the work is, to help in having 
the body of religious knowledge and organiza- 
tion put correctly in the mind of youth. 

The Sunday school requires the same ade- 
quate knowledge in applying scientific princi- 
ples of teaching as the secular school. And as 
we assimilate good literature, and raise our 
Sunday school standard of instruction thereby, 
— in the same proportion, we shall be able to en- 
list our men and women of business and intelli- 
gence as teachers in our Sunday school, and 
as workers in our churches. 



THE APPENDICES. 

The object for including three sermons in the 
Appendices is to give emphasis to the import- 
ance of all the members of the Sunday school at- 
tending from the Sunday school session the reg- 
ular church service to hear the Gospel preach 
ed. The author wishes the pupils and teachers 



8 Method In Management. 

to get a mental picture from the Appendices, of 
the Sunday school going in after its session to 
the regular dhurch services. Two of the ser- 
mons are on the ' * Articles of Faith ; ' ' viz., ' ' The 
Way of Salvation, and, "Sanctification" the 
first sermon of the Appendices is on " The King- 
dom of God— Where Is It, and What Is It?" 
Questions, testing lesson study, bearing on the 
vital doctrinal points of the sermons, are pro- 
vided. These are some steps toward an indoc- 
trinated Sunday school, not as a full develop- 
ment of the subject, but the calling of the atten- 
tion to the importance of the study of the "Ar- 
ticles of Faith" which are included in the Ap- 
pendix. 

CONCLUSION. 

The study of the right kind of books fills our 
minds full of right interests, and this leaves no 
room for wrong ones. We ask an interest in 
your prayers, that these efforts under God, 
may prove to be of the greatest possible physi- 
cal, mental, social and spiritual value — helping 
minds to function in Knowing and Growing. 

Pastoe James A. Mitchell, 

Author. 



Method In Management. 9 

THE NORMAL MANUAL OF MODERN 
SUNDAY SCHOOL METHOD. 

In Three Volumes. 

Vol. 1. Method in Management. 

Vol. 2. Method in Physical and Psychical 
Pedagogy. 

Vol. 3. Method in Teaching Material. 

TWELVE FEATURES CONSTITUTING A 
STANDARD SUNDAY SCHOOL. 

Regular Sessions. 

1. The meeting of the Sunday schools vary 
according to the conditions of the social settle- 
ments in which they exist. Weekly sessions of 
the Sunday schools in congested centers, such 
as cities, towns and well populated rural sec- 
tions, cannot be consistently fixed as the stand- 
ard in justice to those in the mountain and spar- 
sely settled districts where the roads are bad; 
and the people are living in inconvenient dis- 
tances from the place of meeting. 

Therefore the monthly session is regarded as 
adequate for the mountainous and thinly set- 
tled country. This rule is to be considered as 
accommodating; and is not applied to Sunday 
schools that are favored by better situations 
and greater opportunities. 



10 Method In Management. 

Bibles. 

II. The use of the Bible in the Sunday- 
school is not to be injured by substituting it 
with the exclusive use of the International Un- 
iform Lessons and other periodicals. Nothing 
is a safe substitute for the Word of Grod. Rev- 
erence for the Bible should be cultivated by the 
Sunday school and church workers; and they 
should hold the Bible up for the attention of 
those they teach that they may diligently and 
cheerfully seek its companionship for the real 
interpretation and inspiration that no literary 
help can give but The Bible alone. 

The International Uniform Lessons are so 
constructed as to invite the Church and Sunday 
school workers to use the Bible. This is shown 
in the following way : 

1. References. 

2. Parts of the chapter selected for the lesson 
text, and 

3. The Daily Home Reading. 

There is no better commentary on the Bible 
than the Bible itself. Sunday school literature 
is simply a help to the systematic, diligent and 
profitable study of the Bible. 

Church Conduction. 

III. A mistake of the Sunday school workers 
as to the relation of the Sunday school to the 
church is capable of working great dissension, 
and bringing disaster upon the peace and har- 
mony of the church, thus crippling the influence 
of both for almost an indefinite time. The Sun- 



Method In Management. 11 

day school is not a competitive organization in 
the church ; and is not to be conducted indepen- 
dently of, and considered unanswerable to its 
demands and authority. It is to be understood 
that the Sunday school is an auxilary to the 
church, and as such, shall contribute to some of 
the causes fostered by it. Church control should 
include : 

1. Executive Oversight, 

2. Election of Officers. 

The election of the general superintendent is 
a vital issue. The best usage is for the church 
to elect the superintendent in the regular church 
meeting. The election of the superintendent by 
the church is a strong link of connection bind- 
ing the Sunday school under authority. The 
rest of the officers of the Sunday school may 
be elected by its members at the regular and 
fixed time of election. 

The list of the teachers and officers thus 
elected should be presented by the superinten- 
dent to the church for its ratification and for 
the satisfaction the officers themselves enjoy 
in knowing that they have the hearty approval 
of the church. 

Financial Demands: It is the duty of the 
church to make financial demands upon the 
Sunday school. For the Sunday school needs 
to be kegt in sympathy with the needs of the 
church. Churches who have not this vision of 
duty carry their schools as mere parasites. The 
Sunday school as a teaching service of the 



12 



Method In Management. 



church must be a material and spiritual contri- 
butor to the development, growth and susten- 
ance of its spiritual alma mater if it successfully 
accomplishes the mission for which it exists. 

On the other hand, the Sunday school should 
not be overtaxed by the church, if the Sunday 
school at least contributes to two causes foster- 
ed by the church this is considered to be in keep- 
ing with the spirit of loyality, benevolence and 
sympathy. It is not necessary to advise as to 
what two causes the Sunday school should sup- 
port as this can be better determined by the 
church because of its knowledge of when and 
where the help needs best to be applied. 

Literature of the Denomination. 

IV. It is obvious that baptist Sunday schools 
should use baptist literature for the following 
reasons : 

1: It is the most feasible method of teaching 
conformity to baptist church polity. 

2. It is the means of teadhing the correct 
method of observing the ordinances of the 
Church, and dissminating the doctrines of 
Christianity "To every creature" in Apostolic 
purity. 

3. It is a positive and unmistakable express- 
ion of denominational loyalty, and loyalty to 
the "TRUTH" as it is in Christ Jesus, and to 
every phase of organized and cooperative mis- 
sion activities. 

No Baptist Sunday school should consider the 
use of its religious literature as optional in de- 



Method In Management. 13 

nominational character nor nondenominational. 
Many baptist Sunday schools use what they see 
published as non-demominational literature — 
observe — the object of the promoters of such 
literature is to teach the Bible — being CARE- 
FUL to evade any opinion on the "Lord's Sup- 
per," "Infant Baptism," "Baptism by Immer- 
sion," lest it offend their patrons who may 
have opposite views on these doctrines. 

A baptist Sunday school using any other than 
baptist literature is either ignorantly or know- 
ingly teaching in violation of The Church pol- 
ity and tenets, or making a shameful compro- 
mise of the doctrine, "One Lord, one faith, and 
one baptism. ' ' 

Three principal things are included in baptist 
literature to be taught and emphasized : 

1. Home and Foreign Missions. 

2. Temperance. 

3. Systematic Giving. 

It is safe to advise that teachers exercise free- 
dom in using literature of other evangelical pro- 
duction. But in no wise does this advice apply 
to children of beginners, primary and junior de- 
partments, it is not even endorsed for young 
men and women of the intermediate and senior 
departments. For an indiscriminate use of lit- 
erature by the pupils of the Sunday school 
would impair their vision of the fundamental 
doctrines of the New Testament (babtist) 
Church. 



14 Method Iisr Management. 

The T\eachers Meeting. 

V. The Sunday school teachers meeting rais- 
es the standard of the Sunday school to a great- 
er degree of efficiency than it ever could be 
without it. The advantages offered by the 
teachers meeting are of great moment. 

The social side of the teachers meeting adds 
much to the interest of the teachers in pushing 
their class work up to the standard of excell- 
ence. The meeting of the teachers each week 
to review the lesson together gives them a soc- 
ial acquaintance that forms a basis upon which 
interest, understanding and cooperation rest. 
Thus associating together, they have an oppor- 
tunity to correct wrong impressions of duty, 
life and religion, and erroneous construction 
on the doctrine as drawn out of the Sunday 
school lesson, or that may be revealed in the 
lesson text; and upon the habits and customs 
of Bible characters, and on methods of present- 
ing the lessons for recitation to their classes. 

The teachers meeting gives uniformity to the 
teaching service. Each teacher who is present 
in the meeting is well prepared for teaching 
the class because of what has been taught and 
planned in the teachers meeting. Each teaches 
with the same correct ideas of the truth in the 
lesson as was brought out in the meeting. 

The teacher who fails to meet the teachers 
meeting is not as well prepared to teach the 
lesson as those who attend. For habitual fail- 
ures to attend such meetings, mean that the 



Method In Management. 15 

teacher thus acting is not a diligent preparer 
at home of the Sunday school lesson to be 
taught. 

As to TIME: The time that the teachers 
meeting should be held can be best fixed by the 
workers. There should be weekly meetings. 
The day of the week on which to meet, and 
whether to meet in the day or night must be 
settled in keeping with the conveniences and 
opportunities of the community. 

The Teacher. The pastor is the leader of the 
" Flock," as such, he should be the fitting and 
proper teacher of teachers meeting when not 
hampered by other duties at that time. The 
superintendent should conduct the opening of 
the meeting as is observed in the regular open- 
ing forms and teach the teachers if the pastor 
declines or is absent. 

The Opening. The opening of the teachers 
meeting should be by song, scripture reading 
and prayer. Introductory remarks by the sup- 
erintendent is at all times in order. These re- 
marks should not cover as much time as it takes 
to teach the lesson. 

Teaching the Lesson. The same rule should 
be observed in teaching the lesson in the teach- 
ers meeting as in the regular Sunday school 
session. Thirty minutes to teach the lesson is 
the rule. There .should be different Methods 
of conducting the teachers meeting. The pro- 
gram might occasionally provide for a member 
to prepare an outline of the lesson and present 



16 Method In Management. 

it. This method is certain to aid the teachers 
in the power of original research, and increase 
their creative ability, which in time enhances 
their teaching value many-fold. 

Teacher Training, or Normal Diplomas. 

VI. Before efficiency can be attained, know- 
ledge must be acquired. The teacher who knows 
what to teach and how to teach it, can do the 
greater service. Sixty per cent of the teachers 
of the Sunday school should hold Normal Teach- 
er Training Diplomas. A request to the Nation- 
al Baptist Publication Board, 909 Gay Street, 
Nashville, Tennessee, will bring you the infor- 
mation desired. 

Worker's Council. 

VII. A Worker's Council should be organiz- 
ed and held quarterly. The work of the Work- 
er 's Council is quite different to that of the 
teachers meeting, as the worker's council has 
not to do with teaching the Sunday school les- 
sons, but is a meeting for the transaction of bus- 
iness that includes reports from teachers of 
classes, managers of departments and secretari- 
ies, showing what progress has been made for 
the quarter, and all matters that may need reg- 
ulation and adjustment. The teachers meeting 
cannot consistently do the work of the worker's 
Council. 

Home and Foreign Mission Study. 

VIII. Mission work needs to be specialized 



Method In Management. 17 

in Sunday school pedagogy. It is a fact that 
the Sunday school is the church at work on the 
foundation, educating and evangelizing the 
children and young people is working on the 
foundation. The strength of no building can be 
greater than the strength of its foundation. 
Home and Foreign Mission Education invari- 
ably leads to better home and foreign mission 
equipment and support, which equipment and 
support is the corner stone of Christian success. 
The Home Mission Board of the National 
Baptist Convention is located at Little Rock, 
Arkansas. The Foreign Mission Board of the 
National Baptist Convention is located at Phil- 
adelphia, Pennsylvania. A request to the sec- 
retary of either of these boards will bring you 
the information you wish on mission matters, 
about any literature they may have for mission 
study. If the church and Sunday school have 
not the mission spirit, they are none of Christ's 
— His spirit, was the spirit of missions. 

Church Members Enrolled. 

IX. Special efforts should be put forth to 
have seventy per cent of the Church member- 
ship enrolled, that is the resident members, in- 
cluding the Home Department. The Home De- 
partment is a department provided for persons 
who desire but cannot attend the Sunday school 
sessions, but are induced to study the Bible at 
home. Two methods will be found helpful in 
securing pupils for the Home Department : 



18 Method In Management. 

1. Appoint a visitor to solicit and enlist all 
persons who agree to study the Bible thirty 
minutes each Sunday. Divide the territory in- 
to districts, giving each visitor a district to 
look after. Let each member be supplied with 
a quarterly and a collection envelope. On the 
envelope should be printed a blank for report 
of the number of lessons studied for the quar- 
ter and the amount of the collection. On receiv- 
ing the reports, the visitors make their reports 
to the school. The requirement of this standard 
deals with the resident church members. This 
is the second phase of the Home Department 
which was intended to be numbered in a separ- 
ate paragraph. 

People who come into a community and do 
not bring their church letters, or get them soon 
after their arrival, seldom count for much in 
Sunday school nor church work. 

2. The next method of the Home Department 
work is to have the members of the various 
classes above primary to seek Home Depart- 
ment members for their grades. Application 
blanks should be made out and furnished to 
the student who has solicited and obtained the 
application of a member for his or her depart- 
ment. In this way, all classes and ages can be 
reached by a large force of workers, and the 
Home Department should grow larger thereby. 
This method makes every interested pupil of 
the class a visitor — making their reports in the 
same time as suggested in method (1) above. 



Method In Management. 19 

Grading. 

X. Grading. Separating Departments. The 
school should be graded, and the departments 
— the Primary and Junior should be separated 
from the rest of the school by stationary or 
movable partitions, or curtains, or screens for 
at least fifty per cent of the remaining classes. 
Primary, 0-8 (Cradle Roll, birth to three, 0-3; 
Beginners, 4-5 Main Primary, 6-8) ; Junior, 
9-12; Intermediate, 13-16; Senior, 17-20; Ad- 
ult, 21-up. The Adult may be included in the 
Senior in a small school. 

There should be a teacher training or normal 
class, as this work better prepares teachers for 
intelligent and efficient service, and does no less 
for prospective teachers. It is the "more ex- 
cellent way" of preparing material for church 
and Sunday school work, to be drawn on as a 
reserve force in supplying vacances in whatever 
manner these vacancies may occur. 

One organized class for men and women 
should be had. Grading is of vital and practi- 
cal importance to the Sunday school in its de- 
velopment, growth and systematic operation; 
and for this reason a special chapter will be giv- 
en to the discussion of the subject. 

XI. Recreation. 

A Sunday school in the standard class must 
have an eye to the advantages of the social side 
of the school. As play is essential to the de- 
velopment of the body and character of the 
child, the recreation feature is as prominent, 



20 



Method In Management. 



serious and permanent part of the schools 
spiritual advancement as teaching the Lord's 
Prayer. Dr. T. DeWitte Talmadge said, "The 
best dying testimony I ever heard, was from a 
boy who could knock a ball 'till it soared out 
of sight." 

A Sunday school should provide a plenty of 
innocent amusement for the young people. No 
games should be encouraged which have attach- 
ed to them a grave odium. Playing at cards 
and dice should be emphatically and persistent- 
ly condemned. All games that add to physical 
culture, literary taste, and mental expansion 
should be tolerated. Picnics, wagon drives and 
other forms of similar amusements should be 
provided; and when done in the proper spirit, 
the church and Sunday school will find the 
play-ground a real spiritual asset, for it is a 
medium of social service. Dr. Benjamin Cox, 
pastor of the Central Baptist (white) Church 
of Memphis, Tennessee, said, "Gk>d is very 
fond of wide-awake boys and girls, there are 

lots of them in heaven playing and having 

a good time." Zach. 8:5. 

Evangelism. 
XII. Evangelism is the school putting special 
emphasis on, and intensely performing the duty 
of making appeals to the unsaved of its member- 
ship to accept Christ as their personal Savior. 
If the Sunday schools fails in this, its most vital 
work, it has no more right to claim a place in 
the church to operate than some sort of weekly 



Method In Management. 21 

political or social club. Evangelism must have 
a definite plan of operation. Observe : 

1. Personal Work. Personal work is more 
effective than any other. Speaking to a person 
at a quiet time about the "Way of Salvation," 
taking one single and alone, and even collective- 
ly in the class of the same ages and grade, 
makes one feel the sincerity of the solicitation. 
Four items need be outlined and considered : 

1. The Eight Time. 

2. The Right Place. 

3. The Right Manner, and 

4. The Right Person. 

These are both potent and essential methods 
to employ in winning souls to Christ. Sending 
a letter to a pupil by the teacher often makes 
an indelible impression leading to repentance. 

2. Class-room work is a splendid method of 
presenting Christ to the unsaved by means of 
teaching the Word of God with that aim in 
view; having prayed for uncommon power be- 
fore coming to the class. Remember that all 
great things for God are, and only can be ac- 
complished after prayer. 

3. The Reassembled Meeting. When all 
classes and departments have reassembled in 
one auditorium, an appeal may be made pub- 
licly with great effect by the person selected 
and best prepared. It often results in many 
standing for Christ in the same hour. The mu- 
sic should be well selected in keeping with the 
occasion, and should be accompanied with fer- 



22 Method In Management. 

vent and rapturous singing. All pretentions 
to style and fashionable "quietness" and per- 
sonal importance should be slain, and every 
worker's heart should feel the heavy burden of 
the condition of lost souls. 

4. A Decision Day. When a special day is 
set apart, after careful and prayerful delibera- 
tions of the Teachers Meeting, or the Worker's 
Council, wonderful results usually attend this 
method. It is very imperative to have a day of 
decision; looking to it: 

1. Unifies Action. 

2. Concentrates Thought and Energy. 

3. Spiritualizes Force. 

Where there is oneness of aim, sameness of 
mind, and spiritual reviving of all the powers, 
"Decision Day" ends with Pentecostal illumi- 
nation and blessing. Let the class work, conver- 
sations, public services, addresses, all point to 
the one object — The Saving of Souls. 

Section II. 

GRADING. 

1. Definition of Grading. Grading is a sys- 
tem which classes pupils of the same years to- 
gether, using lessons adapted to their years; 
providing teachers who will specialize in teach- 
ing these lessons. Grading embraces these 
three forms: 

1. The Graded Pupil. 

2. The^Graded School. 

3. The Graded Teacher. 



Method Iisr Management. 23 

The graded pupils. — Small schools may be 
graded by departments in the following man- 
ner: 

Cradle Roll, (supplementary grade) ages, 0-3 

Class 1. Beginners, ages, 4-5. 

Class 2. Primary, ages, 6, 7, 8. 

Class 3. Junior, ages 9, 10, 11, 12. 

Class 4. Intermediate, ages, 13, 14, 15, 16. 

Class 5. Senior, ages, 17, 20. 

Class 6. Adult, ages 21-up. 

Home Department, (supplementary), all ages 
who cannot attend the Sunday school. 

Perfect grading for large schools may be 
done on the following scheme: 

Beginners Department. — 
Class 1. First Grade — age, 4. 
Class 2. Second Grade — age, 5. 

Primary Department. — 

Class 3. First Grade — age, 6. 
Class 4. Second Grade — age, 7. 
Class 5. Third Grade — age, 8. 

Junior Department. — 

Class 6. First Grade, Boys — age, 9. 
Class 7. Second Grade, Girls — age, 9. 
Class 8. Third Grade, Boys — age, 10. 
Class 9. Fourth Grade, Girls — age, 10. 
Class 10. Fifth Grade, Boys— age, 11. 
Class 11. Sixth Grade, Girls, — age, 11. 
Class 12. Seventh Grade, Boys — age, 12. 
Class 13. Eighth Grade, Girls— age, 12. 



24 Method In Management. 

Intermediate Department. — 

Glass 14. First Grade, Boys — age, 13. 
Class 15. Second Grade, Girls — age, 13. 
Class 16. Third Grade, Boys — age, 14. 
Class 17. Fourth Grade, Girls — age, 14. 
Class 18. Fifth Grade, Boys — age, 15. 
Class 19. Sixth Grade, Girls — age, 15. 
Class 20. Seventh Grade,Boys — age, 16. 
Class 21. Eighth Grade, Girls — age, 16. 

Senior Department. — 

Class 22. Young Men— ages, 17-20. 
Class 23. Young Women — ages, 17-20. 

Adult Department. — 

Class 24. Men and Women (two or more 
classes) 21-up. 

Home Department (supplementary) outside 
the school, persons of all ages who cannot or 
will not attend the Sunday school. 

It is not urged that the Sunday school must 
use every detail of this system of grading — ex- 
cept its growth and development demands it. 
It is to be remembered, however, that the 
scheme for grading the small school is absolute- 
ly necessary to order, system and good results 
in Sunday school work. And no school without 
this system can be considered in line with mod- 
ern Sunday school methods. It is expected that 
each school will strive to reach this standard 
in grading as rapidly as possible, even to the 
incorporating and operating of every detail of 
grading schemes for all of the departments. 



Method In Management. 25 

1. Graded Lessons. Special literature aside 
from the uniform Sunday school lessons is pre- 
pared for the graded school. These graded les- 
sons are adapted to the needs of the pupils ac- 
cording to their ages in the respective depart- 
ments from the Beginners Department through 
the Intermediate Department. Two courses are 
provided for Beginners, one for each year or 
grade ; three courses are provided for the Pri- 
mary Department; four for the Junior; and 
four for the Intermediate. 

The subjects of the Graded Lessons are 
brought in easy range of the understanding of 
the pupils of the grades. Bible material is sys- 
tematically arranged and instructed, and the 
themes lead up from one year to another. 

Graded Lessons take the place of all other 
teaching material in the management of some 
schools. Do not let it enter your mind that the 
graded school compels the use of the graded 
lessons ; as the Graded Lessons have bits of 
Bible story, Bible history with Memory Verses 
related to it, and with Hand Work for the pup- 
ils to do ; they should be installed in some way 
for regular use in class work. If they displace 
other teaching material, no injury is done to 
Bible study, for instead, the hand engaged in 
drawing — aids the mind in retention of facts 
and in increasing interest in the study of the 
Bible. Graded Lessons are great factors in 
memory development. 

2. Graded Teachers. Graded Teachers are 



26 Method In Management. 

those that specialize in teaching the grade which 
has been assigned them. The graded teacher 
is not shifted from department to department, 
but remains the teacher of a given grade year 
after year. In this way the graded teacher can 
specialize in teaching the assigned grade. The 
teacher may be inexperienced in the first-year 
work, but as the system admits of taking sub- 
sequent classes through the same course, it as- 
sures their familiarity with the lessons to be 
taught, and, renders them more capable from 
time to time. 

II. l\wo Reasons for Grading. 

1. Grading enables a school to reach and hold 
its membership; it increases the power of its 
constituency. The pupils, officers and teach- 
ers in a graded school are an organized force. 
In this attitude the school is better fitted for 
bringing in new members and bringing back 
the absentees. 

Grading is a definite plan by which responsi- 
bility is cheerfully carried and appreciated. — 
The pupils and teachers in each department 
strive to make them reach their full strength 
in finance, membership and soul-winning. 

III. How To Grade. 
First, secure the cooperation of all the work- 
ers in the directing and teaching force of the 
school, organically speaking, The Teachers 
Meeting or the Worker's Council. Proceed to 
grade as follows: 



Method In Management. 27 

1. Make a list of all pupils of the age seven- 
teen to twenty, place these in the Senior De- 
partment making two classes, one for young 
men and one for young women. All over twen- 
ty should be placed in the Adult Department. 

2. Make a list of all pupils of the age of six- 
teen years and under, giving the age of each. 

3. Divide this list into four age-groups. The 
first group will constitute the names of all pup- 
ils who are four and five years of age; 
these are the Beginners. The second list will 
contain the names of all pupils who are six, 
seven and eight years of age ; these constitute 
the Primary Department. The third list will 
contain the names of all pupils who are nine, 
ten, eleven and twelve years of age; this will 
constitute the Junior Department in which the 
boys will be placed on one list and the girls on 
another. The fourth list will be the Intermediate 
Department in which the names of the boys and 
the names of the girls will be placed on separate 
lists containing persons who are thirteen, four- 
teen, fifteen and sixteen years of age. 

5. A teacher for each grade must be provid- 
ed. 

6. If your school is small, very small, utilize 
these plans by placing together those who are 
nearest together in age. 

7. A place should be selected in the building 
for each class, using screens for partitions, un- 
less otherwise provided. Stationary partitions 
are better. 



28 Method In Management. 

8. The list of the names should be read out at 
the next session of the school and each pupil 
assigned to the various classes and departments 
and told where to go. 

IV. How To Keep The School Graded. 

There need not be many words to make it un- 
derstood how to keep the school graded. Sim- 
ply see to it that a classification officer is in- 
stalled to watch the gaps in each class when pu- 
pils attempt to enter another class room with- 
out a promotion certificate or without author- 
ity. 

In the second place, an annual promotion day 
should be observed in your school at which time 
promotions should be made. Annual PROMO- 
TION DAY should be made a high day in the 
year's history of the Sunday school. The pro- 
motion officer may be the superintendent of 
the Sunday school, or one of the department 
superintendents. "Where the International Un- 
iform Lessons are used with supplemental stud- 
ies, PROMOTION DAY should be on the last 
Sunday in December in order that the pupils 
may be placed with their new teachers and new 
literature for the beginning of the new year. 



Method In Management. 29 

LESSON III. 
DEPAETMENTS. 
I. THE CRADLE ROLL. 

Ages, Birth to 3 

The first article of the department furniture 
for the Cradle Rolls is, The Roll. Upon this roll 
may be placed the names and birthdays of child- 
ren too small to attend Sunday school. 

There should be, also, a supply of certificates, 
birth-day cards, enrollment blanks and Cradle 
Roll pins. 

The organization consists of a superinten- 
dent who will have the general oversight of all 
children too small to attend Sunday school. 

The Cradle Roll superintendent may engage 
as many persons as are necessary to assist him 
in the visiting, and the care of the little ones 
before, and upon their entrance to Sunday 
school. 

II. THE BEGINNERS DEPARTMENT. 

Ages, 4, and 5. 

When the department is so small as not to 
consist of more than twenty children, why, all 
may be taught in one room by one teacher. As 
to their arrangement, that is, in the class, they 
should be seated in small chairs forming a cir- 
cle, the teacher being one of the circle. 
Where there are more than twenty pupils 
grade the department into two classes: first 
grade and second grade ; the former containing 



30 Method Iisr Management. 

all the children four years old with a teacher, 
and the latter, all the children five years old 
with a teacher; the same style of class forma- 
tion is to be observed as above described. 

(1) Equipment — 

1. The Room. Have a separate room or a 
partitioned space. 

2. The Furnishings. If possible, have a ta- 
ble or a desk with drawers for illustration ma- 
terial. There should be a secretary and a treas- 
urer; a piano or organ is essential — black 
boards, maps and charts for teaching by object 
lessons should be secured; little chairs suited 
to the size of their bodies should be provided. 

(2) Organization. 

1. The Officers. The average Beginners De- 
partment should have as follows : a superinten- 
dent, the necessary teachers, a secretary-treas- 
urer and a musician, if the department is large 
the superintendent will look after a sufficient 
force to help the class teachers in managing 
and teaching. When it is impossible to have two 
classes of beginners, have all the ages, three, 
four and five years old, in a single class. Never 
keep the Beginners in the same class with the 
primaries, not even in the same room if possi- 
ble. 

2. Teaching Material. Teaching material for 
Beginners should include with the Picture Les- 
son cards, Bible stories about Bible characters 
as are arranged in the graded lessons ; memory 
verses and passages touching the subjects pre- 



Method In Management. 31 

sented in the lesson story should be memorized. 
Supplemental studies such as hand work in 
picture drawing, memory work, and singing, 
will serve to stimulate the child interest. Have 
plenty of illustration material. Observe that in 
teaching Beginners, keep within easy reach of 
the child's mental grasp, illustrate from fami- 
liar objects, and use the simplest form of speech. 
The non-reading capacity of the child calls for 
the best of the teacher's powers of adaptability 
and illustration. 

TEACHING BEGINNERS IS THE BEST 
TEST OF A TEACHER'S MENTAL AND 
TEMPERAMENTAL FITNESS TO TEACH. 

III. THE PRIMARY DEPARTMENT. 

Ages, 6, 7, and 8. 

The ages, 6, 7, 8 years old are the age groups 
for the Primary Department, Boys and girls of 
the same age are admitted in the same class 
together. 

(1) Equipment — 

1. The Room. If a separate room is impos- 
sible, have a curtained-off space or corner. 

Let the furnishings for the officers and teach- 
ers be a desk, piano or organ, blackboard, a 
song roll and charts with racks on which to 
hang them for display. 

There should be racks in the room for hang- 
ing hats and coats upon. Small chairs suited 



32 Method 1st Management. 

to their size should be arranged in the room. 
Have pictures on the wall, if nothing else, use 
the pictures from the old Lesson Picture Rolls, 
hang them in uniform order about the room. 
Hand work is a very good exercise for Prima- 
ries as well as for Beginners. For all depart- 
ments, the room should be arranged for plenty 
of light and ventilation. 

IV. T\EE JUNIOR DEPARTMENT. 

Ages, 9, 10, 11, 12. 

In forming the Junior Department, boys 
must be separated from girls to secure the best 
results. Let there be a class for each year, and a 
teacher for each class. A class should not con- 
sist of more than twelve in number. Sometimes 
it is necessary to have several classes of the 
same age. 
Equipment — 

(1) The Eoom. For the best work, a separ- 
ate room, or a curtained space is essential. All 
the Junior classes should be grouped in the 
same section or room, having abundant light 
and ventilation and decorated walls. The fol- 
lowing instruments should be provided : a piano 
or organ, a blackboard, a song roll, and a sup- 
ply of maps and charts with a rack for display- 
ing them. 

There should be racks provided for the pur- 
pose of hanging hats and coats. Chairs with 
broad leaves at the right side, suited to the size 



Method In Management. 33 

of their bodies are the best. There should be 
necessary literature for their lesson study and 
hand work. 

(2) Organization. A superintendent, secre- 
tary-treasurer and eight teachers should con- 
stitute the list of officers for the Junior De- 
partment. Individual records should be kept 
for attendance, punctuality, Bibles, offerings 
and attendance upon preaching services. 

(3) Teaching Material — . 

(1) Graded Lessons. Graded Lessons are rec- 
ommended for Juniors. These lessons are divi- 
ded into separate courses of fifty-two lessons 
for each of the four years, nine, ten, eleven and 
twelve. Bible characters in both the Old and 
the New Testaments constitute these lessons, 
chiefly. Correlated memory work in addition to 
hand work is an essential drill. The teachers 
of no two grades will be using the same lesson 
at the same time. 

(2) The Teachers Meeting. Where the size of 
the school warrants it, there should be organ- 
ized and maintained a teachers meeting among 
the junior teachers to insure uniform teaching. 
Each teacher will then know what the other 
teacher is teaching. Therefore the different 
lessons for the following Sunday must be plan- 
ned. 

In case of absence, the teacher should never 
fail to notify the superintendent and arrange 
for a competent substitute. The best expedient 
in this case is to combine classes of boys and 



34 Method In Management. 

girls of the same age, having the teacher for 
that age who is present, teach both classes. 

(3) Uniform Lessons. Uniform Lessons con- 
stitute the teaching material of the Junior De- 
partment as well as the graded lessons; In 
many schools there is no knowledge or use of 
the graded lessons at all ; only the Uniform Les- 
sons are used. When both the Uniform 
and Graded Lessons are used, those pupils 
who make a good record in the study of both 
are promoted to a higher class with honor, on 
Promotion Day — while those who only study 
the Uniform Lessons are promoted at the same 
time without honor. 



V. THE INTERMEDIATE DEPARTMENT. 
Ages, 13, 14, 15, 16. 

The Intermediate Department is organized 
on the following plan: Boys separated from 
girls, a class for each year with separate teach- 
ers for each class ; men to teach boys and wom- 
en to teach girls. The classes should not exceed 
twelve in number. It may be necessary to have 
several classes of an age. The opening and 
closing services should be with the main school. 

1. Equipment — 

(1) The Rooms. As to situation, the interme- 
diate classes should be different from the Pri- 
mary and Junior departments in having separ- 
ate rooms for the classes instead of one room 



Method In Management. 35 

for all classes. The total number of separate 
classes makes up the Intermediate Department. 
People of the intermediate age demand special 
treatment and handling for at least four funda- 
mental reasons, to-wit: 

(1) The physical development of the Inter- 
mediate. The ages, 13, 14, 15, and 16 years old, 
"(The Teen Age)" is the age of marked and 
visible physical changes. At no other age does 
the growth of body equal the growth of this 
age; when in one year, a pupil will get his 
growth from six to eight inches. The term, 
"adolescence," means a growing up. The in- 
termediate age is the age of early adolescence 
when boys and girls are growing into young 
manhood and womanhood. At this time they are 
shy, bashful and retiring Therefore we must 
recognize this natural tendency, and protect 
them by putting each class in an inviting, cosy 
class room, but separate. 

(2) The Social development of the Intermed- 
iate. The social development of the Intermedi- 
ate is such that they wish to have their own 
time and place, even in their Christian activi- 
ties, to lay plans and work for results; the 
spirit of the team work is very pronounced, and 
class organization and separate rooms help to 
solve the problem of management. There is no 
better remedy for the cure of "giggling" 
among giggling boys and girls than to have 
them in separate class rooms; disorder to a 
large extent, vanishes when they are thus cut 



36 Method In Management. 

off from the sight of other people; there is a 
less provision for them to give expression to 
vanity, yet it is a better situation to insure at- 
tention, application and concentration. 

(3) The mental conceptions of the Intermed- 
iate. The mental concepts of the Intermediate 
naturally suggest separate class rooms. The 
Intermediate always holds a mental picture of 
class associations, class plans , class secrets 
about work that has been planned, or coming 
contests. The study, the sun-shine, the self- 
control, the sympathy and self-examination, all 
of these powers are mental forces increasing 
in volume and strength in pupils of the Inter- 
mediate age. They for the most part, think they 
know something more than they have had the 
opportunity to experience, and that they are 
"Somebody" anyhow, therefore they can ap- 
preciate miniature isolations for study, for 
work and for plans. 

(4) The spiritual inclination of the Interme- 
diate. The Intermediate age is that of an acute 
religious crisis. The advantage of separate 
class rooms shows itself superior as it affords 
the best opportunity for teacher and pupil to 
talk over the plan of Salvation, pray together, 
and to have the pupil to arrive at a definite de- 
cision for Christ. 

The Pastor may be called to the teacher's 
aid in this particular of winning the unsaved 
of the class to Christ. Some other Christian 
worker may be called to speak to the class about 



Method In Management. 37 

salvation. In either case, this could not be done 
with as much success if the class were not in 
the privacy of its own inclosure. 
(5) Class Organization. 

(a) The class should have its own room in 
which to lay its plans; this assures better re- 
sults. 

(b) The problem of management is solved 
by the separate class room. 

(c) The Furnishings. The furnishings of 
the rooms of the Intermediate Department 
should consist of a table for the teacher, good 
chairs for the pupils, and an ample supply of 
Bibles, a good blackboard, maps, charts, pictur- 
es and mottoes. 

(d) Officially considered. The complete or- 
ganization for an Intermediate Department is ; 
a superintendent, secretary and eight teachers, 
four for the classes of boys, and four for the 
classes of girls. We repeat for emphasis: as 
far as possible, have men to teach boys and 
women to teach girls. These classes unite with 
the main school in opening and closing, there- 
fore they do not need a musician. 

(e) Teaching Material. Graded Lessons are 
used for this as well as in other departments. 
This means a separate course of fifty-two les- 
sons for each of the four grades. Not much is 
known about this class of material as our pub- 
licity department is just beginning to empha- 
size the importance of it. 



38 Method In Management. 

This graded lesson system is skillfully 
wrought out to meet the very peculiar needs of 
these pupils. 

The Uniform Lessons with supplemental work 
in addition is to be highly endorsed. This sup- 
plemental work should be and is prepared in 
pamphlet form, one book a year; it comprises 
a systematic study of both the Old and the New 
Testaments, history, church life and distinct 
doctrines. 

VI. The SENIOR AND ADULT DEPART- 
MENTS. 

Ages, 17-20; Adult 21 and up. 
These two departments are treated together 
because they often overlap and are nearly alike. 
1. Equipment. The equipment for these two 
departments is -about the same as for the In- 
termediate Department. There should be large 
classes and also large rooms. 

(1) Organization. These two departments 
have more emphasis put on the class than the 
department. Let there be a department super- 
intendent and a department secretary. Let each 
class in these two departments have its dis- 
tinct class organization, having for each class 
a president, secretary, treasurer and a teach- 
er; necessary working committees are advised 
for these classes. 

(2) Teaching Material. The Uniform Les- 
son system is the best for these departments 
for a connected historical study of the Bible ap- 



Method In Management. 39 

peals to these pupils. This class is not broken 
up every year by annual promotions, and the 
teacher may lay six-year lesson-circle plans 
which would cover the connected historical 
study of the Bible from back to back. 

Pupils in these departments should study 
special topics, as the graded lessons are elimin- 
ated from these departments. Special studies 
in soul-winning should be secured from some 
Missionary Baptist publishing house. "The 
Ethical Teachings of Jesus" is a fifty-two les- 
son series selected by the International Lesson 
Committee for advanced classes. The books 
are sold at 35c and 50c by the American Bap- 
tist Publishing Board, Philadelphia, Penn. The 
Senior and Adult departments close the depart- 
ments inside the school. 

Vni. HOME DEPARTMENT. 

The Home Department is for those who can- 
not and will not attend Sunday school. It is 
the department outside the school. 

1. Equipment. Enrollment blanks, record 
envelopes and quarterlies about constitute the 
equipment of the Home Department. 

2. Organization. 

(1) The superintendent takes general super- 
vision of the work; receiving the reports of 
visitors and making the same reports to the 
school. 

(2) As many visitors may be used as the sup- 
erintendent finds necessary. A better plan is 



40 Method In Management. 

endorsed which promises better results : let the 
classes do the visiting as much as possible, they 
should make reports to the Home Department 
superintendent. 

(3) Teaching Material. The Uniform series 
of lessons are used. Classes should supply the 
same literature used by the regular class, that 
is, such Home Department classes as maintain 
their own work. 

Lesson IV. 

THE OFFICERS. 

I. The Pastor. 

1. His leadership and attitude. 

The chief officer of the Sunday school is the 
pastor, but it does not mean that he should be 
taxed with looking after the details of the Sun- 
day school work. The leadership of the pastor 
should be so equipped as to give him an ex- 
perimental acquaintance with all of the depart- 
ments of the Sunday School. His attitude to- 
ward the Sunday school should not be hostile 
nor indifferent, if so, the Sunday school work 
will be fiercely hindered; if the pastor is igno- 
rant, the Sunday school will remain behind time 
and non-progressive in its methods. Every 
wide-awake pastor will secure a Normal Dip- 
loma in the Normal Course of Modern Sunday 
School Methods and Bible Training. Howe In- 
stitute, corner Wellington and St. Paul streets, 
Memphis, Tenn., gives this course by corres- 



Method In Management. 41 

pondence to any applicant who may not be able 
to attend or matriculate in the Theological De- 
partment during the Summer term or the reg- 
ular term. 

2. His Work. During the week, the pastor 
has an opportunity for doing large service for 
the increase of the attendance of the Sunday 
school and maintaining its constituency by 
touching the young people in his pastoral vis- 
its. In his systematic visiting having this ob- 
ject in view, he is able to keep other officers of 
the Sunday school posted as to the sick mem- 
bers of the school. 

(a) In neglected homes, the pastor may be 
instrumental in inducing new pupils to attend 
Sunday school, which work would yield rich 
fruit in building up and holding the church and 
Sunday school membership. 

(b) The pastor should not obligate himself to 
be the regular teacher of a class. This would 
hamper and interfere with his sterner duties 
of looking after and welcoming visitors, study- 
ing conditions, making closing reviews; too, it 
would take too much of the pastor's pulpit en- 
ergy to regularly teach a class on Sunday. 

(c) The pastor should conduct the Teachers 
Normal Training class until others are prepar- 
ed to do this work. The Teachers Training 
class should be operated from year to year to 
develop teachers and provide new teachers that 
the vacancies be filled with competent instruc- 
tors. 



42 Method In Management. 

(d) The pastor may use the prayer meeting 
to teach the great facts of the Bible as are pre- 
sented in the Sunday school lessons. The Sun- 
day school lessons furnish rich and rare sub- 
jects for prayer meeting topics, and this meth- 
od is helpful to the Sunday school teachers in 
giving them an added interest in the prayer 
meeting from the Sunday school view point. 

(e) The pastor may preach special sermons 
on the Sunday school lessons in advance to stim- 
ulate interest in the approaching lessons. 

(f ) The pastor should be the chief promoter 
of the Teacher Training Course as the ' ' School 
of Methods" in his church with the aim of de- 
veloping and maintaining an efficient faculty 
to guarantee a Sunday school well up to the 
standard of excellence. 

(g) The pastor may conduct the Sunday 
school when there is lack of a person capable 
to do so; but should not conduct the Sunday 
school where there is a person with executive 
ability, and is as well as he, capable to 
take up the work and give it his best possible 
service. 

(h) The pastor as chief superintendent of 
the Sunday school should not intrude by inter- 
rupting classes and" teachers at work. If the 
classes are to be visited at all, there should be a 
time for it. The installation of Sunday school 
officers should be performed by the pastor if 
he is present, that is, not abroad, or otherwise 
prevented. As a, Mission Force, the Sunday 



Method In Management. 43 

school is the pastor's ripest field; it is his 
standing opportunity to develop church life in 
all of its phases, and do effective "Evangel- 



ism. ' ' 



II. THE SUPERINTENDENT. 

1. The superintendent should be elected by 
the church and make reports to the church. 

2. As to the qualification of the superinten- 
dent, (which should be very carefully consid- 
ered) he should first, be temperamentally fit- 
ted, secondly, he should be mentally fitted, and 
thirdly, last but above all, spiritually fitted. 

3. The superintendent 's work should be done 
for the most part, through the week. This work 
is duly considered. 

(1) A definite plan of work. 

(2) Organization of material and persons. 
The organization of material and persons is 

to diligently and successfully work the plans. 
Schools do not run themselves, do not push nor 
pull themselves — they must be run, pushed and 
pulled. To excell is first to do hard work. In- 
spiration is more often manifested in perspira- 
tion. All the special days of the year should be 
planned for long enough before hand to insure 
thorough preparation. Waiting till June to plan 
for Children's Day means slip-shod Children's 
Day work. Have special days and special oc- 
casions mapped out and the program practiced 
in time to work out every detail of the plan 
thoroughly. 



44 Method In Management. 

The entire lesson plan for all the month 
should be planned by the superintendent. His 
desk review notes should be made out in ad- 
vance of each lesson for as much as one to two 
months. He should get the Uniform lessons for 
the entire quarter as he would a memory verse, 
and never fail to provide himself with a copy of 
some good Commentary on the lessons for the 
present year. 

Usually the superintendent is a business man 
with a few spare moments for daily visiting, 
but the superintendent who keeps in tune with 
the pastor, (his pastor) may know about the 
general conditions and needs of his pupils by 
the agency of the pastor's visits. He should use 
what spare moments he has in visiting. 

The Sunday work of the Superintendent 
should take five definite periods: 

(1) The period of opening. Be at school on 
time to open on time. To greet those who come, 
and to encourage those who come on time. Fif- 
teen minutes before the hour of opening should 
find the superintendent on hand ; by this he will 
have time to see after the ventilation, greet and 
welcome early comers and visitors, etc. 

(2) The period of opening worship. The sup- 
erintendent is the most important person for 
this period. He should be there full of cheer, 
neat and clean, smiling and speaking gently. 
He should be free from levity, but not gloomy 
and looking solemn as a matter of strained feel- 
ings and sanctimoniousness. Make the opening 



Method In Management. 45 

worshipf ul,~ let there be ginger in the service. 
Make all feel pleasant, and feel and know that 
they are in a pleasant place. 

(3) The third period is that of class work. 
The presence of the superintendent is especially 
needed at this time to direct the course of things 
— by seeing to it that the teachers and 
classes are not unnecessarily interrupted; 
to see that the teachers are making their 
reports correctly and carrying them to the 
secretary; and not permit the secretary to go 
to the teachers for the reports. This is the per- 
iod to welcome visitors, but not to allow untime- 
ly interruption of the classes by any one, not 
even the pastor; who sometimes out of his kind- 
ly pastor heart has more zeal for the work than 
forethought appropiateness, and brings in his 
visitors and even his remonstrances at the 
wrong stage. 

(4) The period of closing the worship of the 
school is important, and necessary to the pre- 
sence of the superintendent, for he has many of 
the announcements in hand for the future plans 
of the Sunday school, and other announcements. 
He is to look after closing on time by cutting out 
all irrelevant matter and superfluous speeches 
and remarks. The school should be closed in 
the spirit of worship and divine reverence. 

(5) The period of time after session is short, 
and is employed in seeing that all periodicals 
are properly placed, and to speak to every body 
who may be in reach. To be the last to leave 



46 Method In Management. 

the room is the best attitude for the superin- 
tendent. This increases his social powers, and 
makes him a better instrument by which friends 
are made for the church and the Sunday school. 

III. SUBORDINATE OFFICERS. 

1. The assistant superintendent is not the 
figure-head that many schools insist on making 
him the one task of "presiding at the absence 
of the superintendent. ' ' The assistant superin- 
tendent is the associate as well as the active 
worker of the school as it goes on from week 
to week. In large schools the department sup- 
erintendents render it useless to have an associ- 
ate or assistant superintendent, but schools not 
organized on that larger departmental basis 
must have them. 

We mention here some essential duties of the 
assistant superintendent : 

1. To seat visitors and strangers. 

2. To receive and grade new pupils. 

3. To direct messenger boys. 

4. To provide teachers for classes where ab- 
sence occurs. 

5. Look out for new pupils and bring back 
absentees. 

These are not all the duties, other duties will 
present themselves to the wide-awake Sunday 
school for the wide field of usefulness of the 
assistant superintendent. 

2. Departmental superintendents are persons 



Method In Management. 47 

selected to supervise the various departments 
of a graded Sunday school. 

(a) The teacher may be a departmental sup- 
erintendent in a small school where there is not 
more than one or two classes to the department. 
If a junior class had in it only six boys and four 
girls, there should be two classes, one for the 
boys and one for the girls. It would not be nec- 
essary to have one of these teachers superin- 
tend the other. So you readily see that depart- 
mental superintendents come with the numeri- 
cal growth of the school, and where the growth 
of the school warrants it, (we here mention for 
example, The Friendship Baptist Church of 
which the Rev. Mr. Carter is pastor, at Atlanta, 
Georgia as one of the leading modern method 
Sunday schools of the United States). Depart- 
mental superintendents should be provided 
from the Cradle Roll through to the Home De- 
partment. 

Large Sunday schools have superintendents 
of division. Divisions of a Sunday school are 
made on the following plan : 

(1) The Elementary Division. 

(a) Cradle Roll, Beginners, Primary and 
Junior Departments. 

(2) The Secondary Division. 

(a) Intermediate and Senior Departments. 

(3) The Adult Division. 

(a) Adult classes and the Home Department. 
3. The secretary. The secretary is the keep- 
er of records according to the best system. A 



48 Method In Management. 

complete roll of all the members of the Sunday 
school for a year should be kept. In making re- 
ports to the general denominational bodies, the 
names of all persons who have been members 
of the school for a year should be given, and not 
simply those who happen to be on the roll when 
the annual report is made up. 

Have as many secretaries as are needed for 
the successful carrying on of the work. In large 
Sunday schools, departmental secretaries are 
provided. 

(4) Treasurer. This office should not be 
combined with that of secretary. The treasurer 
of the Sunday school should give special study 
to plans of systematic giving, and he should 
make the monthly, quarterly and annual re- 
ports of the financial condition of the school. 

5. Librarian. The librarian is a very impor- 
tant officer, as the books and periodicals of the 
school must be cared for and distributed. The 
librarian should be on the look-out for new 
books aided by a book committee. The librarian 
should carefully look after the lending and col- 
lecting of books thus disposed of to the mem- 
bers of the school. 

6. The Director of Music. This officer is to 
direct song service, select songs appropriate to 
the lesson in hand; he should train the singers, 
and from time to time have song programs 
made out for the approaching Sunday service. 

7. The Pianist or Organist. This officer 
should be fully competent, for much depends 



Method In Management. 49 

upon the musician to make the service inspiring 
and inviting by giving swing, ring and go and 
full volume to the music. This does not mean 
"rag-time" music, nor the putting on of theatri- 
cal airs as if the musician was playing for a 
matinee. Let the music be vigorous, yet free 
from the taint of mere performance, but adorn- 
ed with the gentleness, sweetness and fervor 
that is becoming to Christian worship. 

SPECIAL NOTE. 

THERE IS NO DEFINITE NUMBER AS 
TO OFFICERS, SOME SCHOOLS NEED 
MORE OR LESS; BE SURE TO HAVE NO 
MORE OFFICERS THAN THE SCHOOL 
NEEDS. 

DID YOU KNOW? 

Did you know that probably one-half of all 
the Sunday school members are never won for 
Christ? 

Did you know that 70 per cent of all conver- 
sions occur under 20 years of age, and 96 per 
cent under 25 years of age, and that the critical 
age is between 12 and 16? 

Did you know that 68 per cent of all criminals 
committed their first crime before they were 
20 years of age? 

Did you know that there are more than 20,- 
000,000 boys and girls of the teen age in North 
America. 

Did you know that a half million boys and 



50 Method In Management. 

girls of the teen age drift out of the Sunday 
school every year? 

Did you know that very many Sunday school 
teachers of children have never realized 
that they had a definite responsibility in the 
work of leading the children to confess Christ? 

Did you know that a boy or giri won for 
Christ in the teen age or younger is usually 
worth to the Kingdom of God many times as 
much as one converted in mature life ? 

Did you know that the Sunday school is real- 
ly suffering for a consecrated and adequate 
corps of competent, trained teachers who have 
a passion for soul-winning? 

Did you know that it takes four Sunday 
school officers and teachers a whole year to 
bring one soul to Christ and into the Church? 

Did you know that the Sunday school is the 
Church's whitest and most inviting field, and 
that more than 80 per cent of the additions to 
the churches by conversion come through the 
Sunday school? 

Did you know that the church and Sunday 
school have greatly neglected their most impor- 
tant mission of soul-winning, so that thousands 
of churches every year do not show a single 
addition upon confession of faith in Jesus 
Christ? 

Did you know that it is an exceedingly rare 
thing for an adult who has not had religious 
instructions in his youth to give his heart to 
Christ? 



Method In Management. 51 

Did you know that more and more the home 
is neglecting the religious instructions of its 
youth, thus laying heavier and heavier respon- 
sibility upon the Sunday school? 

Did you know that there are more children 
and young people in North America not receiv- 
ing religious instruction of any kind, Prostes- 
tant, Catholic, or Jewish, than are enrolled in 
all the Sunday schools? 

Did you know that the church owes its in- 
crease to the Sunday school, and that if it were 
not for the additions to the Church from the 
Sunday school, the Church membership would 
continually decrease? 

Did you know that only one church member 
in four in North America is in the Sunday 
school at all? — Selected. 

THE ART OF VISITING THE SICK. 

Anne Guilbert Mahon. 

"You would be surprised,' ' said a woman 
who had been an invalid for many years, "to 
see how really few people know how to visit 
the sick. Their intentions are good, but so few 
seem to know how to make their visits bring 
the cheer and benefit which they should to a 
sick room." 

A brief, bright, cheery visit to a convales- 
cent or one who is habitually "shut in" is a 
source of pleasure and real benefit such as is 
seldom understood and appreciated by one who 



52 Method In Management. 

is always well and active. A tiresome, long- 
drawn-out call from an untactful or gloomy 
person is, on the other hand, often the cause of 
real detriment and discomfort to the patient. 

Sick people are acutely sensitive. They are 
easily depressed. A fit of despondency may 
lead to a serious relapse, or it may occasion 
hours of weakness and suffering. 

A young girl recovering from an attack of 
nervous prostration was one afternoon visited 
by a kindly-intentioned but untactful friend. 
The visitor had come from a funeral of a little 
child whom both knew, and she was full of it. 
She was garbed in deepest black — which she 
had worn to the services — depressing one even 
by a sight of her. Every sad detail of the fun- 
eral was told for the entertainment (?) of her 
listener. So interested was the visitor in her 
subject that she never noticed the effect of her 
conversation on the sufferer. The latter man- 
aged to control her feelings until the guest de- 
parted, then she broke jinto passionate sob- 
bins, which could not be restrained. The physi- 
cian was summoned, restoratives given, but for 
several days the girl was nervously unstrung 
and could do nothing but cry. Her recovery 
was hindered several weeks, and the result was 
a command from her physician forbidding all 
visitors until the girl should be stronger. All 
this unnecessary but harmful result was caused 
by a thoughtless, though kindly-meaning visi- 
tor. 



Method In Management. 53 

A talented young singer very kindly offered 
to sing for the patients in one of the hospitals 
near her. She had a sweet, sympathetic voice 
and her selections were in accord with it. They 
were sweet, but they were sentimental and sad. 
Nervously weak and easily affected some of the 
patients actually sobbed during the recital, and 
after the singer had gone^ there was a notice- 
able depression in the condition in most of them. 
Such a chance as the young musician had, but 
she did not realize it. She did not think of the 
effect her singing would have on her audience 
of weak, suffering ones who needed especially 
cheer and brightness. 

"I dread Aunt Lucy's visits/ ' said a sick 
girl, speaking of an elderly relative. "She is 
good and kind and means well, but she has the 
most dreadful way of tiptoeing into the room, 
whispering as if she were at a funeral. She 
looks at me all the time with eyes as big as 
saucers and I know she is saying to herself, 
"Poor Edith. I'm afraid she will never get 
well ! ' ' I can feel it just by the way she looks 
at me. She evidently has an idea that she must 
not talk, for she makes me do it all, and I am 
completely worn out when she leaves. All she 
does is to sit and gaze pityingly at me and 
shake her head and answer in whispers. It's 
a real strain to . entertain her, and I am always 
in the depths when she leaves." 

Many women are bringing into the lives of 
sorrowing, suffering, lonely ones brightness, 



54 Method In Management. 

cheer, comfort and strength, which means un- 
told happiness and benefit to them. It is not 
a difficult art to learn — this art of visiting the 
sick. Any woman may learn if she gives to the 
matter thought and understanding and effort. 

The woman who would be successful in this 
must possess, first of all, sympathy and a real 
desire to help. She must realize that true sym- 
pathy means encouragement, strength, cheer, 
as well as "feeling with" a person. The sym- 
pathy which does not strengthen and uplift is 
of very little value. 

Possessed of this sympathy and real desire 
to be of service, which is the foundation of suc- 
cessful ministering, there are a number of de- 
tails to be considered by the woman who would 
make her visits a source of pleasure and bene- 
fit to the sick. 

Appearance counts much in a sick room. In- 
valids are often unreasonable as children, and 
they are extremely sensitive to appearance and 
manner. Black or somber garments affect 
them unpleasantly, while a pretty becoming 
costume has sometimes a surprising effect in 
cheering and pleasing the patient. 

"It does me good just to look at Mrs. War- 
ner, ' ' said a wheel-chair invalid. ' ' She always 
wears such pretty, becoming dresses and hats, 
and whenever she has anything particularly 
new and pretty she wears it to show me. She 
knows I can't get out to see anything, and she 



Method In Management. 55 

isn't one of those who wear old, plain clothes 
when they visit the sick. ' ' 

Even more than appearance, however, does 
the visitor's manner affect an invalid. The 
caller should strive always to be quietly cheer- 
ful, not noisy in her effort to be bright, but 
gentle, hopeful, cheery. Her voice should be 
distinct, so that her listener need make no effort 
to hear all that is said. An agreeable voice has 
a wonderful effect on sick and well folks alike. 
As far as possible the visitor should do the 
most of the talking, so as not to tire the invalid. 
Many ill persons soon exhaust all the little 
strength they have trying to talk. The tactful 
visitor will know how to avoid this. Ceaseless 
chatter on the part of the caller is almost 
equally tiring to the sick one. The woman with 
understanding will soon discern how to strike 
the proper balance in conversation so as to 
brighten and entertain but not weary her hos- 
tess. Quiet, pleasant recounting of cheerful 
bits of news of the outside world, which will 
specially interest the invalid and make her feel 
she is not shut out from everything, will be 
welcome and beneficial, while any humorous 
ancedotes which will brighten and cheer the sick 
one will be as good as medicine. 

One woman who visits much among the shut- 
ins always makes it a point to do four things : 
leave with the patient some interesting bit of 
news to ponder, some good, funny story to 
laugh over; some pleasant description of a 



56 Method In Management. 

painting or a bit of beautiful country, which the 
invalid can enjoy mentally and some little 
thought of peculiar strength and cheer. 

"Sick people think over what you have told 
them for hours and days sometimes, you know, 
and I always like to feel that I leave with them 
these four things to meditate on in their mo- 
ments of pain and weariness," she explained. 

' ' Sick people are like children when it comes 
to bringing them something," said another 
woman whose life has been spent much among 
the sick. "A flower or a book, some fruit, a 
glass of jelly, a dainty desert — there are lots 
of trifles one can take — never fail to please and 
do real good. It is more the fact that they have 
been remembered, and that the remembrance 
is a little surprise, that pleases them. What the 
little gift really is, becomes a secondary con- 
sideration. Almost any trifling token or deli- 
cacy will please a sick person if it is attractive- 
ly wrapped and presented or daintly served." 

The woman, therefore, who would make a 
success of this art of visiting the sick, who 
would make herself welcome and of real bene- 
fit to those suffering from pain, weakness or 
the monotony of a sick room, will strive for 
these things. A ready tact and understanding, 
a sympathy which comforts, strengthens and 
uplifts; a neat pleasing appearance; a gentle, 
cheery, hopeful manner. She will bring with 
her" some little token^of love and thought for 
the sufferer, she will be careful that she does 



Method In Management. 57 

not tire the sick one or stay too long, and she 
will leave behind her pleasant memories which 
will divert, cheer and strengthen the invalid for 
many a weary hour. The visitor who does this 
becomes a real tonic — physical, mental and 
spiritual — to the sick one, and her presence is 
welcome as the sunshine in the chamber of 
darkness and suffering. — Home Department 
Magazine. 

Lesson V. 

METHODIC SUNDAY SCHOOL 
BUILDING. 

I. Magnifying the Work of Other Methods 
of Sunday School Building are considered in 
this Lesson. 

First — Magnify the Work. It is a sad mis- 
take for the Superintendent and teachers to be 
always addressing the classes as "you boys and 
girls, ' ' and ' i children. ' ' Say " Young men and 
women," and " pupils,' ' or such terms that ap- 
peal to the appropriate and adjustable, and 
agreeable side. 

Do not convey the idea by your expressions 
or otherwise, that the Sunday school is just a 
place for children. The Sunday school is the 
"King's Business." When boys and girls 
reaching the age of manhood and womanhood, 
are impressed that the Sunday school is only a 
place for children, they will cease to attend 
Sunday school. At all cost do not fall in love 
with the pet phrases and epithets to the Sun- 



58 Method In Management. 

day school pupils. The Sunday school is the 
teaching service of the church, it is worship, 
and should be emphasized as such. 

II. 
AN EFFECTIVE SUNDAY SCHOOL. 

A school cannot be built up with a fussy and 
irritable Superintendent ; such is an open door 
in the back of the school that runs the pupils 
out as fast as they come through the front door. 
Cut out ignorant leadership that is so ignorant 
as to be negligable, indifferent and criminally 
neglectful and slothful. Let the school be 
brought up to the standard by adopting the 
Standard Methods and selecting up-to-standard 
officers. 

1. An effective school is a school which ex- 
tends a cordial welcome to all, this gives a 
stranger a desire to return, and encourages the 
regular members because of the stimulation 
that a warm welcome affords. 

2. An effective Sunday school will see to it 
that the labors of the Sunday school are distri- 
buted by assigning definite duties to all per- 
sons. This makes the Sunday school a hive of 
busy bees with cooperative interest and mutual 
feelings, things run smoothly and all realize 
that their presence and service is noted and ap- 
preciated. 

3. MUSIC is a very important factor in Sun- 
day school building. Good music, and good sing- 
ing bring the high pitch of inspiration, atten- 



Method In Management. 59 

tion and interest that is needed in Sunday 
school effectiveness. There should be plenty 
of music — but worshipful. Do not have rag- 
time music. Let the music be appropriate, and 
have a fitness into the subject of the lesson 
taught. 

4. The school should have equipment accor- 
ding to the Modern Methods of departmental 
requirements. There should be plenty of maps, 
charts, a blackboard in each department. Mot- 
toes, suitable seats or chairs, organ, and flowers 
in the windows, at least one on the teacher's 
desk every Sunday. 

5. Special days should be planned for in 
time to make them all they should be. The pro- 
grams should be well drawn and ample time 
for every feature of the program to be devel- 
oped so as to reflect credit upon the occasion. 
The reputation for giving a good exercise is on 
trial at each public entertainment the school 
gives. You may be excused for a poor exercise 
once or twice, but the public will pass it up that 
your advertised entertainments ' ' are not worth 
the while, f ' if poor efforts are too often repeat- 
ed. 



60 Method In Management. 



APPENDIX I 



INTRODUCTION. 



On Tuesday morning there assembled, as was 
the custom, the Ministers of the Ministers' Alli- 
ance of Memphis, Tenn. In the presence of 
this interesting and intellectual group of men, 
after prayer, Pastor James A. Mitchell ascend- 
ed the platform, and requested the members 
to turn to Matthew, sixth chapter and read in 
unison the verse, "But seek ye first the king- 
dom of God, and his righteousness, and all 
these things shall be added unto you. ' ' After- 
wards, all being seated, Pastor Mitchell pro- 
ceeded with his address. 



Method In Management. 61 

I. 

WHERE IS THE KINGDOM OF GOD? 

Looking For The Kingdom. 

We think that too many people look for the 
Kingdom of God in the wrong way, and expect 
to find it in the wrong place. Every one de- 
sires to possess it. If we wish to possess a coun- 
try, we should first know its geography, giving 
its location, description and the nature and the 
kind of its products; and a deal about the in- 
dustries of its citizens. 

In the Franco-Prussian War, every Prussian 
officer that was killed, a map of France could 
be found in his pocket. The best geography of 
the Kingdom of God is the Bible. I mean the 
Christian Bible. For if a Mohammedan should 
get hold of this tract he would most likely think 
that I mean the "Koran." Remember there 
are other bibles that men hold to be as sacred 
and as true as we hold the Christian Bible to 
be. But there is just one true guide-book to 
the Kingdom of God, and it is the "Bible." 

(a) Does the Bible teach that the "Kingdom 
of God" is in heaven? It does not. Heaven is 
the name of the capitol of the Kingdom of God. 
Now, let us consider ourselves to be children in 
school studying the geography of the Kingdom 
of God, trying to find it on the map. Let us 
consider that it is proper and fitting to use our 
Bibles as symbols, and call them our spiritual 
geography's. 

Now, turn to the map in chapter 21 and 22 of 



62 Method In Management. 

Bevelation, to see the beauty, glory, size, mater- 
ial, walls, fruits, the power house and the water 
works of the capitol of the Kingdom of God. 
Some times it is called "Zion," and again "Jer- 
usalem," "New Jerusalem. " But we see that 
the Kingdom of God is not heaven, the capitol. 
Washington is not the dominion of the United 
States, it is the capitol. So we do not go to 
heaven to find the Kingdom of God as we would 
not go to Washington to see America's vast 
domain. Heaven is the Capitol of the Kingdom 
of God. 

(b) That man there says that the Kingdom 
of God is in the Bible. Is that correct? Do you 
believe that you can see the country of Canada 
or France or England or Germany in the school 
geography? You may see the map of these 
countries in the geography, you may learn by 
the geography the direction in which to travel 
to find these countries. So the Kingdom of 
God is not in the Bible, but the Bible is the 
only true " Guide-Book' ' to it. 

Mark me that, the Kingdom of God is not in 
the Bible, but the Bible is a "guide-book" to it. 
Let us turn our geographical chart over till we 
come to where we see the compass-pointer and 
the guide-post, it is Psalm, 119th, the longest 
chapter in the Bible ; the entire chapter is sim- 
ply the doctrine of the guide-post. Note in par- 
ticular for the central thought, Psalms 119: 
105 : i i Thy word is a lamp into my feet ; and a 
light unto my path." Eemember that nobody 



Method In Management. 63 

rides into the Kingdom of God, only humble 
footmen may enter, the noblest of earth walked. 
Abel and Enoch walked, Kings and Patriarchs, 
Potentates and Peasants — all walked. But the 
redeemed shall walk there. ' 9 Isa. 35 : 9. 

(c) "Well," this man says — "I am certain 
that the Kingdom of God is in the Church" 

Let us see for a moment if the Kingdom of 
God is in the Church. We mean by the term 
"church" the soldiers of the cross. We mean 
Christian Soldiers on parade to the Kingdom of 
God. The church is the parade, the weekly 
parade of those who belong to the Kingdom of 
God. The church is the property of the King- 
dom of God, it is the Kingdoms' Army, stand- 
ing against its enemies. The Kingdom of God 
is not in the church, but the church is in the 
Kingdom. 

Now you may be more unwilling to see this 
than you are unable to see it. It is hard to get 
free from traditional teachings to believe, even 
the Bible. Go over in your geography to Mark 
4 : 30-32. Mark was telling the story of the life 
of Christ to the Gentiles, the Roman people in 
particular. And he was careful about using 
Roman terms. In speaking about the "King- 
dom" he differs from Matthew in the term 
used. The Romans did not use the term "heav- 
en" but little, with them it was the "gods;" 
their oaths were for the most part "by the 
gods ' '. So in relating the life of Christ to tb 3 
Romans, Mark always used the term "Kingdom 



64 Method In Management. 

of God". The Jews talked all the time about 
heaven, and as Matthew wrote the life of Christ 
for Jewish readers, he differs from Mark by 
using the term "Kingdom of Heaven. " Also 
Luke wrote for the Gentiles, and for the same 
reason as Mark, he used the term "Kingdom 
of God" most. Matthew for the first and only 
time in Matt. 6 : 33, quotes Christ as using i i The 
Kingdom of God." At any rate we see that 
the Kingdom of God is in the net, not in the 
fish, in the mustard tree, not in the beasts and 
fowls it shelters. So the church is gathered 
in the Kingdom as the fish in the net, the fowls 
and beast are assembled under the mustard 
tree as the Christians are assembled in tbe 
Kingdom. 

If the Kingdom of God is not in heav en, 
nor in the Bible nor in the church, then, where 
is it? 

(d) Let us turn to our guide book and we 
shall see on the map exactly where the King- 
dom of God is. Turn to Luke, 17 : 20-21. 

No, this Kingdom of God is not up there in 
heaven, nor here in the Bible, nor in any essen- 
tial church organization, but i ' The Kingdom of 
God is within you." The Kingdom of God is 
inside of people. 

Do not expect to find it in heaven, heaven 
must send it to you. "Thy Kingdom come, on 
earth as it is in heaven". You must be a loyal 
citizen of the Kingdom before you can have a 
record up at the capitol. 






Method In Management. 65 

Do not look for the Kingdom of God in the 
Bible. Look in the Bible for the way to enter 
into it, "Except a man be born of water and 
of the spirit, he cannot enter into the Kingdom 
of God." John 3: 5. 

Do not expect to locate the Kingdom of God 
in the church, the church is the parade of those 
who belong to it. Don't you see them drilling 
in song service, prayer service, preaching ex- 
ercises, see them keeping step, now marching 
and now have their far flung battle lines mach- 
inery against the foe. I feel the earth trembling 
beneath their tread, and hear all the eternal 
hills echoing with their shout. 

n. 

WHAT IS THE KINGDOM OF GOD? 

Studying The Kingdom. 

The Kingdom of God is not by observation; 
we have already learned. But look at the Guide- 
Book in Romans, 14 : 17. 

"For the Kingdom of God is righteousness 
and peace and joy in the Holy Ghost/ ' 

Righteousness is doing right, doing the 
"straight thing.' 9 Any boy or man, girl or 
woman who does what is right has the Kingdom 
of God within. 

Any person who does not habitually quarrel, 
but keeps the peace with other persons, lives 
in peace, has the Kingdom of God within him. 
On this basis every one who does that which is 
right, stops quarreling and lives in peace will 



66 Method In Management. 

have joy because they do these things. 

You know that you belong to the Kingdom of 
God if your ship is loaded with the Kingdom 
products. Let us again consider the question — 
"What is the Kingdom of God?" Every king- 
dom has its exports and products. 

A distinguished Scotchman said, "when I go 
down to the river and find ships coming in with 
cotton ; I know they come from America ; I find 
ships with tea, I know they come from China; 
ships with wool, I know they come from Aus- 
tralia ; ships with sugar, I know they come from 
Java. ' ' 

What comes from the Kingdom of God. Look 
at the Guide-Book again — Romans 14 : 17. I will 
read it — "The Kingdom of God is righteous- 
ness, and peace and joy in the Holy Ghost.' 1 
Men and women in whom the Kingdom of God 
is, come in with the fruits of the Kingdom; 
righteousness, and peace, and joy in the Holy 
Ghost. "By their fruits ye shall know them." 
They are full of honor and truth and peace, and 
because of this they have joy. 

If you want to get the Kingdom of God in 
your workshop, or into your home, or into your 
church, let the quarreling be stopped. Live in 
harmony and brotherliness with every one. For 
Henry Drummond said: — that "The Kingdom 
of God is a Kingdom of brothers. ' ' 

I hope you see now what the Kingdom is, 
and where it is. It gives us added joy to know 
where it is, and what it is. 



Method In Management. 67 

III. 

ASSOCIATION AND ASSIMILATION. 

The King of the Kingdom. 

First. The King of the Kingdom is the Christ. 
He came among his subjects once upon a time. 
This time is known as the period of His humili- 
ation. He left the capitol and came out in the 
country, and lived the country life, ate and 
drank and worked; ate common food, worked 
as a carpenter. We lived wretched lives in the 
(world) country. Peace was a lost art, doing 
the "straight thing,' ' that is, righteousness, 
was annulled, therefore there was no joy in the 
country. So the King came to bring the King- 
dom into us by giving us His spirit of righteous- 
ness, and peace and joy, He came to give us a 
new law by putting a new meaning to the old 
law. 

Turn now to Matthew 5th, 6th and 7th chapt- 
ers — here you see the King ascend his natural 
throne on the horns of the Hatton and talk to 
citizens and subjects and tell them about the 
laws of the Kingdom, and show what the charac- 
ter of the citizens is like. And though He is the 
King He descended and mingled in the active 
stream of life to help all men. He did not talk 
about His royalty, but He did His work in such 
a royal manner, showed so much compassion to- 
ward the suffering, exercised such superior pa- 
tience in teaching the ignorant, took so much in- 
sult from the bigoted, erudite hypocrites, dis- 



63 Method In Management. 

played so much tenderness towards the child- 
ren, took so much care to elevate the station of 
womanhood, that men saw they had a royal per- 
sonalty among them. His character was so per- 
fect and His works were so wonderful and His 
miracles were so genuine, and in all of the 
praise of Him for this, His bearing was so 
unaffected and unselfish that men saw that He 
was a King. 

No man need try to impress the world 
that he is a king by simply putting on purple 
and fine linen, if his body wears cotton and his 
soul wears character, men will see his royalty ; 
6 ' Therefore take no thought, saying, What shall 
we eat? or What shall we drink? or Wherewith 
shall we be clothed? ("For after all these 
things do the Gentiles seek:) for your heavenly 
Father knoweth that ye have need of all these 
things. 

"But seek ye first the Kingdom of God, and 
His righteousness; and all these things shall 
be added unto you." 

As with the King, so it is with His subjects, 
they respect the King, walking with the King 
and looking at Him they respect Him. It is 
like Paul puts it: "We all with open face be- 
holding as in a mirror the glory of the Lord, 
are changed into the same image. f ' 



r m 



Method In Management. 69 

APPENDIX II. 
SALIFICATION AS BELATED TO THE 
GROWTH OF CHRISTIAN CHARACTER. 

Paul's Formula For Salification. 
Text from the Revised Version. 

Text: "We all, with unveiled face reflecting 
as a mirror the glory of the Lord, are trans- 
formed into the same image from glory to glory 
even as from the Lord the Spirit. 



M 



INTRODUCTION. 

Having been invited to preach before the 
Ministers ' Alliance of Memphis, Tennessee upon 
one of the most precious doctrines of the Chris- 
tian Church, and this Alliance being composed 
of men of deep concern in the tenets of Chris- 
tianity and the practical affairs of life; I feel 
it my duty to take special care to treat the sub- 
ject from the most structural view-point. The 
structural view-point is not inventive. God for- 
bid: but it shall be treated according to the 
plain facts, experiences and circumstances of 
the Bible. The Bible is built on facts, exper- 
iences and circumstances. Christianity is foun- 
ded on facts, perpetuated on experiences and 
stimulated by circumstances. All of these are 
inspired ' ' From the Lord the Spirit. ' ' 

We all know that our experiences grow out of 
facts and circumstances; it does not matter 



70 Method In Management. 

what they have been. Facts are everything that 
is done. What we experience is simply that 
that we have known, and tested and practiced; 
and it is the conditions, the state of affairs that 
we call "circumstances which stimulate us to 
know, to test, to practice and to give spiritual 
exercise to the mind. Salification, Love, Faith, 
Peace, Light, Rest, and all other Christian 
graces are not experiences in themselves ; they 
only furnish experiences as we apply them to 
daily living. 

We see people all about us wearing them- 
selves out trying to live the better life. They 
are very much in earnest, but they do not get 
results because their earnestness is in the wrong 
direction. We shall now ask what that wrong 
direction is. The wrong direction is in trying 
to live the better life through previous efforts. 



Method In Management. 71 

THE METHODS OF PREVIOUS EFFORTS. 

The first method of previous effort is resolu- 
tion. I do not mean to disparage any one in try- 
ing anyone of these methods I shall mention, 
in their proper place they are essential. But I 
assure you that will-power spent in mere 
spasms of earnestness will not bring salvation. 
The most valuable experience of anybody is to 
know that Christianity is governed by Law. If 
a ship stops in mid-ocean the crew cannot make 
it go by pushing against the mast. When one 
is trying to sanctify himself by effort he is try- 
ing to make his ship go by pushing against the 
mast. A drowning man cannot pull himself out 
of the water by the hairs of his head. Effort, 
struggle, agony, devotional exercise all fail to 
gain the prize. Christ ridiculed this method 
when He asked — "Which of you by taking 
thought can add a cubit to his stature ? ' ' 

But there is another experimenter that works 
on another principle. He does not work on ran- 
dom effort but concentrates on one sin at a time 
with the hope of eradicating all of them in the 
end. This effort is vague for the reason that 
life is so short that it will end before the final 
sin can be reached. Again, this effort is fruit- 
less because sin is " legion,' ' and to deal with 
each individual sin means to let all the rest of 
the nature remain untouched. The root and 
spring of the disease is to be extirpated; and 
dealing with one sin at a time will allow an ou~- 



72 Method In Management. 

burst and an explosion in some other part of 
the nature. We have seen so much of this par- 
tial conversion working on the pruning-knife 
method ; we have seen so much of the patching 
of religious coats; such people do not look 
well, do not feel well, cannot do well. The per- 
fect character cannot be produced on the pro- 
cess of the " crazy quilt;" Jesus admits the 
folly of such a course for improving character 
when He said — "Neither do men put new 
patches on old clothes. ' ' 

But there is another still who condemns the 
method of doing away with one sin at a time. 
This man says I build character by copying the 
virtues of good men ; by imitating Christ. This 
seems to be a very lofty ideal. I read a book 
entitled "The Imitation of Christ;" It is en- 
dorsed by many literary critics as a good book, 
but I do not like the subject of it. What are 
imitations of any kind. All imitations are me- 
chanical. You are able to distinguish between 
painted fire and real fire. Even bees know the 
difference between artificial flowers and real 
flowers; there is a marked difference between 
a photograph and an engraving. I consider the 
copying method of santification as gross and 
material and as unfruitful as the method of 
working on one sin at a time, copying one virtue 
at a time is as laborious and inadequate as mov- 
ing one sin at a time. Character is a unity de- 
veloping all of the virtues together. Imitation 
is a good method only that it fails in its details 



Method In Management. 73 

of execution, good only in the place where it is 
intended to be and should be applied. 

There are other methods of previous effort, 
but I have seen and have personal experience 
with the three I have mentioned. I know about 
them because I have taken these leaps in the 
dark, and did not get to the light until I began 
to ponder the facts of the Bible and to see that 
its great characters were built according to 
Law. But I shall speak of one more. This one 
was a method of Benjamin Franklin's. It is 
said that Benjamin Franklin kept a diary, rul- 
ed off so as to have a place for each day of the 
week, and opposite spaces contained a list of 
virtues, against these he put marks. Each night 
he would bring his soul before the Judgment 
bar of his private note-book and see how well 
he had lived up to the moral standard. But 
Benjamin Franklin confessed that his method 
failed. Failed, he said for the matter-of-fact- 
reason that I forgot my note book. These meth- 
ods do the greater harm in distracting the at- 
tention from the better working methods ; it is 
not advised that they should be absolutely aban- 
doned for they only bring fair results at the ex- 
pense of a perfect method. Let us go on to 
ask what that perfect method is. 



74 Method In Management. 

f PARTI. 

PAUL'S FORMULA FOR SANTIFICATION 

Every thing is governed by law. For every 
effect there is a cause. Man is made to grow in 
body and soul. Growth is the law of life. Re- 
ligion is governed by law. Character is gov- 
erned by law. There is a definite method by 
which everything grows. Character is no except- 
ion to this rule and, must corn grow by method 
and character by chance? Religion is not by 
fits and starts, it does not consist in spasms of 
earnestness. Let us further see. 

The text is the revised version, for the King 
James' version very much obscures the mean- 
ing. You may see that this text forms a fine 
ground for the doctrine of Salification based 
on Christian growth. It simply tells us that the 
forces of religion will do their work. And the 
law of these forces is expressed in simple 
words that we may see that this mighty 
change (salification) is by a process as defi- 
nite as the process that produces a volt of elec- 
tricity. We believe that a mechanical experi- 
ment will infalliably succeed; why not believe 
that the one vital experiment of humanity is not 
left to chance. If the simple rule of the text is 
followed out, there is no way to fail in the pro- 
duction of a perfect character. 

Note at the outset how completely the text 
contradicts all previous effort. Let us again go 
over the formula: a formula as definite and 



Method In Management. 75 

as striking as any given in any scientific text- 
book: "We all, with unveiled face reflecting as 
a mirror the glory of the Lord, are transformed 
into the same image from glory to glory, even 
as from the Lord the Spirit. ' ' What a beautiful 
string of pearls this is. 

PART II. 

FACTS. 

Now salification is based on facts. Salifi- 
cation comes from the process of growth. It is a 
fruit. Fruits grow in the soil as well as in the 
soul, and whether they grow in the soil or in the 
soul, they must grow according to Law. The text 
is in the simple passive. "We are transformed. ' ' 
"We are changed.' ' We cannot change oursel- 
ves. No man can change himself. We may do 
that that we can do — unveil our faces. "We all 
with unveiled face — " "that is, we must re- 
move every impediment to knowledge as the 
word ' unveiled' (anakekalumenoi) in the Greek 
rendering of the text means. You will carefully 
note that all of these moral and spiritual trans- 
formations throughout the Old and New Testa- 
ments are strictly described in the passive. But 
do not give up the idea that all human effort 
and intelligible law is denied by this passivity. 
We know that growth is not voluntary. All the 
verbs in physiology describing the processes of 
growth are in the passive. The raising of the 
mercury in the thermometer is done by the at- 



76 Method In Management. 

mospheric influences on the outside of it. The 
same is true of the soul; that which produces 
the change in it is on the outside, but it goes 
without saying that the soul must make itself 
susceptible to that change, the soul must be a 
party to it. It is equally certain, however, that 
no happy chance, nor happier temperament, no 
zeal, as if by these things the soul could merit 
salvation, can this change be wrought. 

This should not be a startling revelation. Many 
are striving, yet starving for the higher life. 
This is another question of "let down your 
bucket where you are. ' ' There must be no striv- 
ing after. The seed for the life of the thing 
you are after is already there. "Whosoever is 
born of God *** His seed remaineth in him." 
But this seed must be wrought upon from with- 
out. This is the inevitable law of germination. 
The way to grow a loving and lovable character 
is to just let the sunshine in. Don't you try to 
shine, "For God who commanded the light to 
shine out of darkness, hath shined in our hearts, 
to give the light of the knowledge of the glory 
of God in the face of Jesus Christ." Thus the 
seed will come up and the plant will grow like 
a cedar in Lebanon. Thus the branch will as- 
cend, and the buds burst, and the fruits ripen 
and redden under the co-operating influences 
of the outside air of Grace "from the Lord the 
Spirit." 

But we must go on with the facts of salifi- 
cation. It is according to the facts of the first 



Method In Management. 77 

Law of Motion: "Every body continues in its 
state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight 
line, except in so far as it may be compelled by 
impressed forces to change that state." Chris- 
intangible or transcendental about it. Do not 
character would remain the same if the forces 
of Christianity were not brought to act upon it. 
Every man's character would continue in the 
direction in which it is going if it were not by 
the impressed forces, compelled to change that 
state. Let us see to it that our state of charac- 
ter is changed by simply putting ourselves in 
the way of the pressures that make the change 
for us, relieving us of the burden of the agony 
in trying to make the change in ourselves. Let 
the Potter do the work. The clay cannot mold 
the clay. Christ will make our characters what 
He wills. On what principle, and by what pro- 
cess? The principle is simple. The process is 
practical. There is nothing ghostly, capricious, 
ntangible or transcendental about it. Do not 
pick at yourself. I most sincerely protest 
against picking at other people. Do not be a 
destestible religious prig. A character cannot 
be improved by picking flaws in other charac- 
ters. Such a person has a fair success in con- 
victing sheep, but makes poor progress in con- 
verting goats. Such a one needs that state of 
character changed. "We all," as Paul puts it, 
must put ourselves in the way of the "impress- 
ed forces" How? 

"By reflecting as a mirror the glory of the 



78 Method In Management. 

Lord we are changed. ' ' That is the central truth. 
That is the great outstanding fact. But what 
is the glory of the Lord? How can mortal man 
reflect the glory of the Lord? ' ' Glory. ' 9 We fear 
that most people take this term to be something 
that is transcendental. The glory of the Lord is 
not something beyond the bounds of human 
achievement. It is not some tangible but un- 
attainable radiance. "Glory" is not a dazzle, or 
a halo; such as the old painters used to put 
around the heads of their Ecce Homo, Jesus had 
no more halo around His head than you or me. 
What the circle around Jesus' head we see is 
not "glory", but paint; it is the visible symbol 
of some unseen thing. That unseen thing is 
character. Let us make this word "glory" 
more at home by giving it its equivalent in good 
working English. The word we shall give is a 
word that we have been using for some time, 
with a deal of persistency — it is "Character." 
Character is the most beautiful, radiant and 
divine. Glory is character. Glory, or char- 
acter bears the weight of the "impressed 
forces." The Lord's name is His character. 
The earth is "full of the glory of the Lord," 
because it is full of His character. We see in 
the Bible the term "The beauty of the Lord," 
that, too, is character. 

"The Glory of the Only Begotten," is the 
character of the Lord, His character which is 
"Full of Grace and Truth." God has told His 
people His name. He simply gave them His 



Method In Management. 79 

character— "I AM THAT I AM." "I AM" 

hath sent thee." The character of the Lord 
is Himself. And the Lord proclaimed the name 
of the Lord *** the Lord, the Lord God, mer- 
ciful and gracious, long-suffering and abund- 
ant in goodness and truth." "This is My Name 
Forever. ' ' 

We see, then, that as the glory of the Lord 
is His character, it is simply moral and spirit- 
ual beauty. Moral Beauty and Spiritual Beau- 
ty are perfectly but infinitely real, infinitely 
exalted, infinitely near and infinitely commun- 
icable. We can put ourselves in touch with His 
character by simply looking at it, contempla- 
ting it. "We all, with unveiled face reflecting 
as a mirror the glory of the Lord, are transfor- 
med into the same image from glory to glory, 
even as from the Lord the Spirit, ' ' Just unveil 
your face, unveil your face by removing every 
impediment to knowledge, move race prejudice, 
move religious prejudice, move ambition, move 
pride, take down your conceit, crucify your self- 
ishness and mingle among men, among men, 
even beneath your mental and social level. Get 
in the active stream of life where love is de- 
veloped. If you will in this way carry out the 
formula of Paul's, a perfect life is sure to be 
realized. 



80 Method In Management. 

PART III. 

EXPERIENCES. 

In a laboratory there should be instruments 
with which to make experiments. Paul calls 
the instrument in the laboratory of moral and 
spiritual transformation i i a mirror. " " Reflec- 
ting as a Mirror the glory of the Lord, are 
transformed into the same Image/' The Old 
Version says " glass." It happened to be a very 
bungling translation. In the original, the 
Greek word "mirror" (katoptron) is plain; in 
the text — of course, the noun is changed to the 
participle (katoptrizomenoi) — "reflecting as a 
mirror." Participles in Greek, expressing cir- 
cumstances of action, often include the noun 
with them, as we see in this case. It is well 
worth while to note in our higher criticism, that 
there may be perfect glasses that will not re- 
flect an image; but no perfect mirror fails to 
reflect an image. All mirrors reflect images. 

All men are mirrors. I believe that this is 
a common experience, and that has come under 
the observation and experience of all — that all 
men are mirrors. Every man is a reflector 
from his character the things that have flitted 
across or over his soul. As I passed down 
Beale Avenue today, I met men and women, 
saw them going to and fro. We exchanged 
words, yes, but we did more, we exchanged 
souls. Everybody reflects from their character 
the things which are absorbed in their souls. 
You may become interested in a stranger you 
chance to meet in your city — you begin to talk 



Method In Management. 81 

to him. His language tells you that he has been 
associated with some school or some intelligent 
person or persons. Not many more words from 
him will reveal what political party he sup- 
ports; if he is religious, he will reflect that 
also. You will also find what books he reads. 
The same thing that you see in him, he, also sees 
in you. A number of men assembled in a room 
together are a congregation of mirrors and re- 
flectors. We say they exchange words, they do 
more, they exchange souls. They look into one 
anothers mirrors and each reflects each. 

Character is formed of the things, events, the 
influences, teachings, books and pictures — 
everything in which we have been interested. 
These things have been woven in the soul and 
must ever afterwards be reflected from the 
character. We all are but mirrors focussing 
the world and the things of the world that have 
flitted across them. We are not long together 
before we can write a history of each others' 
lives. You may not like it, but we all live in 
glass houses. This divine arrangement of the 
human mirrors is wonderful, miraculous. All 
of our mind, memory and soul are paneled 
with looking glasses, and with this gracious en- 
downment is the mortal soul given the capacity 
to reflect the character of the Lord. 

But we must consider the force of assimila- 
tion. The soul mirror is different from the me- 
chanical mirror in its power to absorb the things 
that flit across it. The influences are penciled 
into the very inmost fiber of the soul. We can- 



82 Method In Management. 

not tell how it is done, it is above all human pro- 
cess of scientific knowledge. There is no phen- 
omenon in nature, no process in chemistry and 
no chapter in necromancy that can define and 
give the method of how it is done. But we know 
by experience and observation that the many 
things that pass over the soul enter and fix 
themselves in a state of permanent preservation. 
All of the past is fixed there. If it is not there, 
how could we reflect it. Some try to deny it, but 
it is there. It comes out and is reflected at the 
unguarded moment. You do not have to think 
about it to reflect the thing that is there, Web- 
ster says — "It will out." 

I have called your attention to some obvious 
physiological facts and experiences, and it is 
upon these that Paul bases his doctrine of san- 
ctification. You see that the character is a 
thing built up by slow degrees, "From glory to 
glory." The "impressed forces" are with 
Christ. He is the one great Mirror to look upon. 

CIRCUMSTANCES. 

Sanctification is an experience in the devel- 
opment of character. Sanctification is an ef- 
fect, and therefore, must have a cause. Every 
object of growth must be put in a chain of se- 
quences. A grain of corn must be put in the 
earth, but the ground must be congenial to its 
germination, and the rest of the co-operating 
influences, such as light, moisture, heat, air and 
cultivation must affect its growth and develop- 
ment. So it is with the sanctification of th« 



Method In Management. 83 

soul, for the higher life, it must be placed under 
the circumstances of influence and environ- 
ment. It is the l ' impressed forces ' ' that change 
the state of a grain of corn. It is the same thing 
that changes men, the impressed forces from 
"The Lord the Spirit." 

But we see that men influence men. Events 
influence men. We have seen man and wife who 
have been walking life's path together for many 
years. The neighbors tell them that they look 
more like sister and brother, as they favor each 
other so much. They have been thinking alike, 
agreeing, cooperating, adjusting and planning 
together so long that they are no longer two 
souls but one composite soul. If one tells you 
" no ' f about a matter, it would be the same thing 
if you asked the other. And this is the way we 
grow to favor Christ. Unite in wed-lock with 
Him, believe Him, study Him, put your trust 
in Him; before His Mirror pray, prune and 
polish; His mind will begin to be your mind, 
you will be thinking His thoughts after Him. 
You will find yourself doing things, for others 
you will suffer. Kind deeds, and kind words 
you will sow. You do not understand just why 
you do some things. Nobody compelled you. 
And each day as you almost unknowingly take 
on the favor of Jesus, and do your duty to your 
neighbors, you will feel your heart growing 
lighter, and your temper growing sweeter, yes, 
you will be "Transformed into the same Im- 
age." 

The "impressed forces" will work the 



84 



Method In Management. 



change from a bad character to a good charac- 
ter, from a good character to a better charac- 
ter still. I think it was Mrs. George Eliot who 
said that "Men and women, make men and 
women.' ' We do know that those we habitually 
associate with and really admire, influence 
us. We reflect their character in that of our 
own. I heard Dr. Gordon of Chicago say that 
when he took a trip to Europe and remained 
eight months, his brother met him immediately 
on return. 

"Why, Mike," said Dr. Gordon to his broth- 
er, "How is it that you walk so much like my 
friend, Prof. Nichols." 

"Well." Mike replied, "I have been influen- 
ced to stand for Christ by him. And every day 
since that time I have been walking with him 
in the afternoon to the Y. M. C. A." 

This walking with his friend brought him to 
walk like his friend. How much more so is it 
true of them who walk with Jesus. We come in 
contact with noble persons it causes us to pull 
out the best stops in our nature. We would not 
say a vile word in their presence, for their 
bearing has a sanctifying influence. Then we 
should see the great force from the presence of 
Jesus Christ as we daily consult Him. We do 
not feel at any moment that He is not in our 
presence, and this puts restraint upon our act- 
ions. 

It is well said, that men are the mosaics of 
each other. There was a favor of Jonathan 
about David. There was a favor of General 



Method In Management. 85 

Armstrong about Booker T. Washington. Faith- 
ful and loyal pupils emulate their teachers un- 
til they become the duplicates of them. They 
look upon them with "unveiled face" until they 
are "transformed into the same image." To 
walk with Socrates with unveiled face would 
make one wise. To talk with Aristides with un- 
veiled face would make one just. To walk with 
Mark Twain with unveiled face would make 
one jolly, and to walk with Christ with unveil- 
ed face would make one a Christian. 

The lives of authors are focussed in their 
books; and they who study the Books absorb 
the life of the author of the book into their souls 
which ever afterward is reflected from their 
character. The companionship of books makes 
us companions of both the living and the dead. 
Some men are better acquainted with Shake- 
speare, Dante and Wagner than they are with 
their fathers. And when one studies the Bible 
with unveiled face, he learns Christ, he gets the 
mind of Christ, therefore, begins to act like 
Christ. 

We all know how Jesus took a few men in the 
inner circle of His companionship and confi- 
dence. Three years they were trained by Him 
that they might be made competent mediums to 
disseminate His doctrine of the higher life. We 
see how they were swiftly changed by him. But 
at the first the adumbrations were slight. Reach 
after reach of their nature was touched and al- 
tered. These human shrubs, for they were "ig- 
norant and unlearned men," began to open their 



86 Method In Management. 

buds, for their frozen branches had found a 
summer in the congenial climate of the life of 
Jesus Christ. John's pent up feelings broke 
out in the expression: "And we know that He 
was manifested to take away our sins ; and in 
Him there is no sin, whosoever abideth in Him, 
sinneth not; whosoever sinneth hath not seen 
Him, neither known Him *** "Whosoever is 
born of God doth not commit sin, (practice sin) 
for His seed remaineth in him; and he cannot 
(practice) sin, because he is born of God." It 
was impossible to John for any one to do a mean 
thing in the presence of Christ. His presence 
withered sin to the root, and when a man keeps 
his soul in the climate of Christ's life, the heat 
from "The Sun of Righteousness" withers the 
blades of sin therein. 

"Abide in Me" is the simple curriculum which 
Christ gave in the catalog of His Christian Cul- 
ture Course. He means by this that we must 
continue to practice His method of life, continue 
to study His rules, His formula, and recipe. 
And as we do this from day to day, also from 
day to day, put the theories into practice. Go 
into the world, His laboratory where we shall 
find all sorts, shades and conditions of men and 
women, compound them, bring as many as will, 
can or may into solution, be sure to take with 
you the Sword of the Spirit which is the Word 
of God," "For My word is Spirit, and My 
word is Life." This must be done, for the 
hard hearts of men are only soluble in the 

spirit — ' i The Water of Life. ' ' On this divine, 



Method In Management. 87 

yet very practical and natural method we find 
in men the best elements which are available 
for fertilizing Christian plant life. Then prac- 
tice. Practice love, peace, truth, justice, pat- 
ience, kindness and joy. These are glorious re- 
flections; these are "The Same Image" of 
Christ. And do not forget that "we all, with 
unveiled face reflecting as a mirror the glory 
of the Lord, we are transformed into the same 
image from glory to glory, even as from the 
Lord the Spirit." 

The perfect life is not at all by imitation, 
but Christian Character is by reflection; and 
this term includes all that the other holds. Men 
should not come to Christ to imitate Him, but 
to absorb Him in their souls that they might 
with ease reflect Him from their characters. 
Imitation is mechanical, but reflection is organ- 
ic. Imitation is occasional, but reflection is 
habitual. In the first term, man goes to Christ 
and imitates Him, in the other Christ comes to 
the man and imprints Himself upon him. The 
law governing photography shows this to be 
true and practical. The light in the focussing 
lense of the camera reflects the image of the ob- 
ject before the camera putting a faint adumbra- 
tion of the image upon the sensitive plate 
called the negative. But the operator must 
put the negative in the sunlight in order that 
a strong outline of the image be penciled by itti 
rays into the inmost fiber of the negative. When 
the photographer goes to see how his picture is 
getting along, he simply hinders its getting 



88 Method In Management. 

along. Let Jesus shine on us, as it is the sun- 
light after all that takes the picture, it is also, 
Christ who transforms us from glory to glory 
into ' ' The same Image, even as from the Lord 
the Spirit." 

In conclusion, let us go into the observatory 
with an astronomer. As he enters the dark 
vault we see him light his candles ; he plans to 
take the photograph of a star. He does not light 
the candles to see how to take the star, but to 
see how to adjust the telescope to take the star. 
In the truest sense the star takes itself; it is the 
astronomer also, there must be co-operation. 
We see him spending much time wiping lenses ; 
reflectors, and turning many screws. The tel- 
escope is now fixed on one point in the heavens. 
This is the supreme work of the Christian; to 
"Set your affections on things above" then, 
"be still." "The Lord Spirit" will perform the 
good work He has begun in you. But there 
comes a time for re-adjustment. The star is 
one great fixed body in the heavens, in the 
shifting universe; but the earth moves, the 
world moves; each day, each hour requires a 
new adjustment for the soul. But the instru- 
ment must be ready. The astronomer puts out 
his candles. The star comes before the focus of 
the telescope and strikes the sensitive plate 
with such force that it rings the bell attached to 
it, and awakes the astronomer if he is asleep. 
But the star has left its image there. 

Let us bring our soul to a focus in the right 
direction. We need also to re-light our candles, 



Method In Management. 89 

that is, to resume our candle-light activities, 
such as prayer and all other aids to faith that 
brought us to Christ. But put out the candles 
awhile and trust it to Christ to do His work. 
Jesus will shine in every soul-instrument that is 
set on Him and leave His image there. Just 
hold the instrument — the soul in place. If the 
moving world shifts us from our focussing point 
on Jesus, let us again light the candles of faith, 
prayer, and watchfulness, and re-adjust our in- 
strument, and as the astronomer has to do, take 
a speck off of our spiritual lens or wipe the 
moisture from it taking away the blurr which 
has dulled it. 

As a telescope which is set follows a star by 
clock-work, so does a soul who is stayed on 
Jesus. The clock-work of the soul is the will. 
And while the soul in passivity reflects the im- 
age of the Lord, the will in intense activity 
holds the mirror in position. This is done to 
keep the shifting motion of the world from 
sweeping the soul beyond the line of vision of 
Jesus. 

Upon this astounding doctrine of Sanctifica- 
tion is also based the doctrine of the Final Per- 
severance of the Saints. "And I give unto them 
eternal life ; and they shall never perish, neither 
shall any man pluck them out of My hand. For 
My Father which gave them to Me, is greater 
than all ; and no man is able to pluck them out 
of My Father's hand." For we are "Trans- 
formed into the same Image." "We shall be 
like Him, for we shall see Him as He is." 



90 Method In Management. 

APPENDIX III. 

EASTER SERMON 

At Middle Baptist Church, Memphis, Tenn. 

In 1919. 

THE WAY OF SALVATION. 

"Therefore He is able to save them to the 
uttermost that come unto God by Him, seeing 
He ever liveth to make intercession for them." 

The Lord has added another blessing to us 
in bringing us to see another Easter morning. 
Nineteen hundred and nineteen years ago Jesus 
came to the earth to seek and find to bring us 
to God. It was God who came after us, for 
God is a spirit, and His spirit was incarnated 
in our humanity. "The Word was made flesh, 
and dwelt among us." Think about it — 
i ' Dwelt among us, ' ' who were we that the Holy 
One of Israel should dwell among? We were 
aliens, strangers, ungodly sinners, desperately 
wicked, wretched, poor, miserable, blind, deaf 
and dumb. We should have been grateful to 
God for pitying our low estate. "But He is de- 
spised and rejected of men; a man of sorrows 
and acquainted with grief; we hid as it were 
our faces from Him; He was despised, and we 
esteemed Him not. Surely He has borne our 
griefs, and carried our sorrows ; yet we did es- 
teem Him stricken, smitten of God and afflicted, 
He was wounded for our transgressions, He was 
bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement of 



Method In Management. 91 

our peace was upon Him; with His stripes we 
are healed. All we like sheep have gone astray ; 
we have turned every one His own way; and 
the Lord hath laid on Him the iniquity of us 
all. ' ' This is the graphic picture of the situation 
as we find it expressed in prophecy. Isa. 53: 
3-6. 

From the conditions which were in every 
sense deploring, how could it be that Jesus 
would take "upon Himself the form of a ser- 
vant ' ' to attempt such an awful task of re-crea- 
tion, reconstruction, and redemption? The an- 
swer is in the fact that He knows that "He is 
able to save them to the uttermost that come 
unto God by Him. Divine "Wisdom takes no 
impossible task, and all things are possible that 
are consistent to the Divine Will. And so out 
of His great love — the great love that is so ten- 
derly and beautifully expressed in John 3 : 16 ; 
He was "not willing that any should perish, 
but that all should come to repentance. ' ' 

THE LIFE OF JESUS IS THE WAY OF 
SALVATION. 

Jesus has manifested Himself to be our suit- 
able, compassionate, and all-sufficient Savior. 
He gave us a perfect precept and a perfect ex- 
ample in His life of Obedience to the Holy 
Spirit, the Law, and to death. It is to be seen 
in this that Obedience is the organ of know- 
ledge. The intellect is also an organ of know- 
ledge. The intellectual organ of knowledge is 



92 Method In Management. 

improvable, but the organ of knowledge of obe- 
dience is perfect. The intellect is the organ of 
knowledge inclined to self-will, but obedience is 
the organ of knowledge inclined to the will of 
God. The intellectual organ of knowledge sacri- 
fices at first, obedience is the organ of know- 
ledge that obeys first. So in the life of Christ 
and in the resurrection of Christ, we have the 
only true and living WAY OF SALVATION 
made plain by simple, faithful obedience, made 
possible by faith and accessible by faith. The 
life of Jesus is summed up in one term, ' ' Obedi- 



ence. ' ' 



OBEDIENCE TO THE LAW. 

When Jesus took upon Himself the form of 
a servant and became in the likeness of men, 
He also became obedient to the law, He became 
obedient both to natural and spiritual law. To 
be more explicit, He became obedient to the 
law of physical life — He grew, ate, slept, and 
He was tempted in every part as we are, yet, 
without sin "He felt the pangs of hunger, the 
burn of thirst, fatigue from labor, perspired 
from the effects of heat, exertion or from abnor- 
mal mental or physical pressure ; He wept from 
sensations of sorrow, He symphathized when 
confronted with spectacles of misery and suffer- 
ing, when He saw the rights of others outraged 
and invaded, He protested and when He wit- 
nessed the desecration of the sacred precincts 



Method In Management. 93 

of the temple, He was made indignant. Jesus 
was obedient. He was obedient to the law. He 
was obedient to the Spirit. He was obedient 
to death. This was the kind of Savior the dis- 
obedient world needed; this was the only kind 
of Savior that this world could be lifted by. 
Jesus was suitable. Jesus is suitable. Jesus 
will always be suitable. He knew what it was 
to be hungry, and He says to hungry, starving 
souls "I am the bread of life. ' ' 

Jesus knows what it is to be thirsty ; and He 
extends an invitation to every one that thirsts : 
6 i He that cometh to me shall never hunger and 
he that believeth on me shall never thirst.' ' 
Jesus knows what it is to be overburdened, and 
to those who will He says to them: "Come unto 
Me, all ye that labor and are heavy laden, and 
I will give you rest." Bread when I am hun- 
gry, water when I am thirsty, and rest when I 
am tired. These things make Jesus a suitable 
Savior. He suits us, He suits me. 

OBEDIENCE TO THE SPIRIT. 

The life of Jesus can be seen in two very dis- 
tinct principles : His life of Humiliation and 
His life of Exaltation. His life of Humilia- 
tion consists in His being obedient to the Law, 
the Spirit and to death. And His exaltation 
consists in glorious resurrection, in triumph 
over His enemies and the forces of nature 
through obedience, and; " wherefore He is able 
to save them to the uttermost that come unto 



94 Method In Management. 

God by Him, seeing He ever liveth to make in- 
tercession for them." The Life of Humiliation 
is the Life of Obedience; and this leads to the 
life that "ever liveth." Jesus submitted Him- 
self to the leadership of the Spirit. When He 
was old enough according to the Levitical law 
to exercise the office of a priest, Jesus did not 
consult Himself about the taking tfp of His 
work after the Baptism, but "He was led of the 
Spirit into the wilderness' ' to commune and 
communicate with God as to His course of act- 
ion. Flesh and blood dictates three things, to do 
as the proper course of action to manifest His 
Messiaship to the world. But three times He 
resists its admonitions as coming from Satan. 
He was led by the Spirit and it was the Spirit 
that helped Him to answer: "Get thee hence, 
Satan ; for it is written ; thou shalt worship the 
Lord thy God, and Him only shalt thou serve/ ' 
Jesus was led by the Spirit. He obeyed the 
Spirit, for He taught and preached in the spirit, 
and so much was Jesus interested in our getting 
hold of firmly that feature of His life of obe- 
dience that He calls attention to it in prophecy 
when He delivered His first sermon at Naza- 
reth, for the same scripture says "Jesus return- 
ed in the power of the spirit into Galilee # * # and 
He came to Nazareth where he had been brought 
up; and as His custom was, He went into the 
synagogue on the sabbath day and stood up for 
to read. 

"And there was delivered unto Him the book 



Method In Management. 95 

of the prophet Esaias. And when he had open- 
ed the book, He found the place where it was 
written, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon me, 
because He hath annointed Me to preach the 
gospel to the poor; and hath sent Me to heal the 
broken hearted, to preach deliverance to the 
captives, and the recovering of sight to the 
blind, to set at liberty them that are bruised, to 
preach the acceptable year of the Lord. ' ' 

Those who find and walk the way of life, 
THE WAY OF SALVATION ARE LIKE 
JESUS LED BY THE SPIRIT. Jesus walked 
by the Spirit, for He was born "Not of blood, 
nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of 
man, but, of God. ! ' and every one that is born 
of God walketh by the Spirit, for he that is 
born of God and has been given the privilege 
of the faithful to walk "The King's Highway/ ' 
is not born of flesh and blood and men, — "But 
with the precious blood of Christ, as a lamb 
without blemish and without spot. And you all 
— "Seeing that you have purified your souls 
by obeying the truth through the Spirit unto 
unfeigned love of the brethren M * being born 
again, not of corruptable seed, but incorrupta- 
ble, by the word of God, which liveth and abid- 
eth forever. ' ' 

OBEDIENCE TO DEATH. 

Why did Christ have to die ? He did not have 
to die. This is the precious thought: He did 
not have to die. There was no force that com- 



96 Method 1st Management. 

pelled Him to die against His will. None of the 
verbs in the passages of scripture concerning 
Christ's attitude toward His death is in the pas- 
sive, but they expressed originally in what is 
called the Active Middle Voice of the Greek 
construction. Note these passages: "And being 
found in fashion as a man, He humbled Him- 
self and became obedient unto death, even the 
death of the cross." Phil. 2: 8. "Who His own 
self bore our sins in His own body on the tree. 9 ' 
I. Peter 2: 22. "Therefore doth my Father 
love me, because I lay down My life, that I 
might take it again. No man taketh it from me, 
but I lay it down of Myself. I have power to 
lay it down, and I have power to take it up 
again.' ' John 10: 17-18. Wherefore He is 
suitable, wherefore He is all sufficient, "Where- 
fore He is able to save them to the uttermost 
that come to God by Him, seeing He ever liveth 
to make intercession for them." He was obe- 
dient to death because He was obedient to the 
Law. ' ' The wages of sin is death. ' ' Jesus had 
no sins of His own, but He < i His own self bore 
in His own body our sins, ' ' and became obedi- 
ent to death that we might have a right to THE 
WAY OF SALVATION through faith in the 
righteousness of Him who died for our sins, 
1 ' The just for the unjust. ' ' 

The storm-clouds of calvary are gathering 
over His moral sky. He hastens to meet the 
pending tempest. Some prelimenaries must be 
arranged. He must visit for the last time in 



Method In Management. 97 

mortal life the home of His old friends, Laza- 
rus, Mary and Martha, friends of his early 
childhood. Strong premonitions of His death, 
and the love she bears for Him, impels Mary 
to annoint Him for burial. The deafening voci- 
ferations of an excited and over-zealous pop- 
ulace has died away. They find that He has no 
ambitions for them to make Him a temporal 
prince and king, and this was such a disappoint- 
ment to their own ambitions, and expectations, 
and hopes, that they who cried, ^Hosanaa," 
just a few days ago have turned against Him 
with a burning hate. 

It is now Thursday night. Jesus with the 
"twelve" are in the appointed upper chamber. 
It is the night during the festival of the Pass- 
over, and Jesus is celebrating it with His dis- 
ciples. Judas has thoroughly weighed public 
opinion. If Jesus is to be King, he says, "Have 
played a game upon Him that will force Him 
to declare Himself and defend His title, and 
by this secure my place of power in the new 
kingdom, if He is unable to do so — why — I have 
my pay for my trouble of having Him apprehen- 
ded.' ' Thus Judas soliloquized, at the same 
time he would pretend friendship for Jesus by 
sopping in the dish with Him. "One of you 
shall betray me. ' ' His plot having been reveal- 
ed, Judas went out. The institution of the 
Lord's Supper begins. And as Jesus adminis- 
ters it, He says, ' ' This is my blood of the New 
Testament which is shed for many." 



98 Method In Management. 

They are now out in the garden, the night is 
dark and cold. The enemy has concocted His 
plans, and they now whisper together, "Let us 
proceed — Judas, you lead. The evening is far 
spent. For a time there is a silence that settles 
in the Garden that produces the sensations of 
danger and fear. The disciples feel it. Jesus 
feels it. He was always ready to say, "Be of 
good cheer,"' but this is a moment so fraught 
with danger, a crisis so cruel and excruciating 
in its testings, it was heart rending, for one of 
His own companionship has turned traitor, and 
will administer the direst treachery to all the 
overtures of His divine compassion, these 
things freeze for the moment the stream of 
1 i Good cheer ' ? in the soul of Jesus. l i Then said 
He unto them, ' 6 My soul is exceedingly sorrow- 
ful, even unto death; tarry ye here and watch 
with Me." 

Jesus takes to prayer. "Let this cup pass *** 
not as I will, but as thou wilt. ' ' He again comes 
to the sleeping disciples, but soon returns to 
prayer, saying "Thy will be done." And a 
third time He went to prayer in the Garden. 
His agony put Him under such blood pressure, 
that His sweat seemed to be mingled with blood. 
But when He receives strength from the heaven- 
ly visitor, He arises and meets the enemy. He 
speaks and the enemy falls, for they must know 
that His life is voluntary, and no man is able 
to take this life from Him. Peter attempts to 
defend Him with the sword, but the love Christ 



Method In Management. 99 

overruled, and the ear of Malchus was put back 
which Peter had cut off. They have brought 
Him to court, they are having trouble in finding 
a True-Bill. They pay men to witness falsely 
against Him. Some say one thing and some 
say another. It is early Friday morning. Two 
tribunals have condemned Him to death, but 
they are Jewish, and have no power to admin- 
ister punishment by death. They are under the 
Roman law, for Judah is a Roman Province, 
and here the prophecy of Jacob was fulfilled: 
' l The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, nor 
a law giver from between his feet, until Shiloh 
comes ; and unto him shall the gathering of the 
people he. ' ' 

Before the Jewish councils the ruffians have 
spit on the face of Jesus. Justice has grossly 
and revoltingly miscarried. The High-ups dis- 
torted the meaning of Jesus' words concerning 
building the temple in three days by insisting 
on a literal interpretation of the statement. 
The servants of the court made faces at Jesus, 
Wind-folded Him — then struck him with their 
rough fists with such force as to make Him 
stagger backward ; then the evil comrades would 
say in disdain, " You are so smart — tell us who 
struck you. ' ' Peter was looking on. The scene 
was disgusting. , A man said to Peter, " You are 
one who belong to that man's party." "I am 
not" was the blunt reply. Later a man said, 
"Certainly this man was with Jesus." Peter 
was ashamed to be associated with what he con- 



100 Method In Management. 

sidered a shocking failure; so he said, "I do 
not know the man. ' ' The cock Crew, and Jesus 
looked at Peter, that look melted him, and Peter 
goes out and weeps. The scene goes on. 

The Roman governor, Pilate, must be presen- 
ted with the case. The Jewish court has no jur- 
isdiction, and Jesus must be put to death. The 
Governor tries Him and commends Him — iw I 
find no fault in Him." The Jewish officers 
say to Pilate that he is supporting a usurper 
and a pretender to the throne of Caesar, they 
said, "If you let this man go, you are no friend 
to Caesar." I will chastise Him and let Him 
go, said Pilate. But we must hasten on, finally 
Jesus is sentenced. The cruel thorns are wreath- 
ed about His brow, and His garments are satu- 
rated with His blood from the cruel scourging 
that laid bare his bones in the crevices of the 
lacerated flesh. The heavy cross is put on His 
shoulder |nd He is being marched up the steep 
of Calvary. Women follow weeping in sympa- 
thy for the Holy Sufferer. "Weep not for me, 
but for yourselves and for your children." Hu- 
manity fails, and Jesus falls under the burden 
of the cross. A black man named Simon was 
compelled to help to bear the cross. 

They have now come to the prepared spot. 
The soldiers roughly throw Jesus down and 
nail his hands and feet to the rugged wood. 
They next lift it up and let it fall with such 
fotfce as to tear wider the wounds in His hands 
and feet. Look how they mock Him as He 



Method In Management. 101 

writhes in pain. They gamble for His garment. 
The force with which they let down the cross 
dislodates his bones. They offer Him a stupefy- 
ing drink but He refuses everything that would 
prevent Him from feeling pain, for He chose to 
" taste death for every man." The two thieves 
are on either side, and the one on one side pray- 
ed for mercy. And the "Friend of Sinners" an- 
swered, ' ' Today shalt thou be with me in para- 
dise. ' ' He was yet able, i i able to save to the ut- 
termost. " But the sun is darkening and the 
earth is trembling, the rocks are splitting, the 
veil of the Holy of Holies at the Temple has rent 
and exposed the officiating High Priest. Graves 
are opening and old saints who long before had 
been dead were seen in the streets of Jerusalem. 
When Dionecious, the great teacher was ques- 
tioned at that time as to the cause of the strange 
phenomenon in nature, he siaid, ' l Either the au- 
thor of nature is suffering, or the universe 
is falling to pieces.' ' 

But He is dead, Jesus died. It was no frame 
up, He died. Pythias just did get back in lime 
to save his friend Damon who took his place 
to die for him, if he should not get back on a 
leave to see his wife and children. In these 
stories, something always happens that the man 
who is to die for the other gets back in time to 
prevent. But Jesus died in our place, nothing 
happened, He Died ! They tested Him with the 
soldiers' spear. They did not have to break 



102 Method In Management. 

His bones to hasten His death, the official an- 
nouncement was, He is dead. 

And now Joseph has put Him in His new 
tomb, Nicodemus helped. The government 
sets a watch and seals the tomb with the gov- 
ernment seal, lest some imposter would come 
and steal Him a way. Early Sunday morning, 
the soldiers stampede and rush to the city and 
tell strange and thrilling news. The Christ got 
up and we fell as dead men. He arose and left 
the dead. He talked with disciples and friends, 
He also ate with them. He spent forty days 
after His resurrection getting His disciples to- 
gether. He opened the WAY OF SALVA- 
TION. The well of salvation was stopped up 
by the enemy, the world, the flesh and the devil. 
But Jesus went down and cleaned it out and 
put the healing stream to overflowing. "Ho, 
every one that thirst, come ye to the waters. ' ' 



Method In Management. 103 

APPENDIX IV. 

ARTICLES OF FAITH 

I. — The Scriptukes. 

We believe that the Holy Bible was written 
by men divinely inspired, and is a perfect treas- 
ure of heavenly instruction; (1) that it has God 
for its author, salvation for its end, (2) and 
truth without any mixture of error for its mat- 
ter; (3) that it reveals the principles by which 
God will judge us; (4) and therefore is, and 
shall remain to the end of the world, the true 
center of Christian union, (5) and the supreme 
standard by which all human conduct, creeds, 
and opinions should be tried. (6) 

(1) 2 Tim. iii. 16, 17. All Scripture is given by inspira- 
tion of God, and is profitable for doctrine, for reproof, 
for correction, for instruction in righteousness; that the 
man of God may be perfect, thoroughly furnished unto 
all good works. Also, 2 Pet. i. 21. 2 Sa,m. xxiii. 2. Acts 
i. 16; iii. 21. John x. 35. Luke xvi. 29-31. Ps. cxix. III. 
Rom. iii. I, 2. 

(2) 2 Tim. iii. 15. Able to make thee wise unto salva- 
tion. Also, 1 Pet. i. 10-12. Acts xi. 14. Rom. i. 16. Mark 
xvi. 16. John v. 38-39. 

(3) Proverbs xxx. 5, 6. Every word of God is pure. 
Add thou not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and 
thou be found a liar. Also, John xvii. 17. Rev. xxii. 18, 
19. Rom. iii. 4. 

(4) Rom. ii. 12. As many as have sinned in the law, 
shall be judged by the law. John xii. 47, 48. If any man 
hear my words — the word that I have spoken, the same 
shall judge him in the last day. Also, 1 Cor. iv. 3, 4. 
Luke x. 10-16; xii. -47, 48. 

(5) Phil. iii. 16. Let us walk by the same rule; let us 
mind the same thing. Also, Ephes. iv. 3, 6, Phil. ii. 1, 2 
1 Cor. i. 10. 1 Pet. iv. II. 

(6) 1 John iv. 1. Beloved, believe not every spirit, but 
try the spirits whether they are of God. Isaiah viii. 20. 
To the Law and to the testimony; if they speak not ac- 



104 Method 1st Management. 

cording to this word, it is because there is no light in 
them. 1 Thess. v. 21. 2 Cor. xiii. 5. Acts xvii. 11. 1 
John iv. 6. Jude 3, 5. Ephes. vi. 17. Ps. cxix. 59, 60. 
Phil. i. 9-11. 

IL— The True God. 
We believe the Scriptures teach that there is 
one, and only one, living and true God, an in- 
finite, intelligent Spirit, whose name is Jeho- 
vah, the Maker and Supreme Ruler of Heaven 
and Earth: (1) inexpressibly glorious in holi- 
ness, (2) and worthy of all possible honor, con- 
fidence and love; (3) that in the unity of the 
Godhead there are three persons, the Father, 
the Son, and the Holy Ghost; (4) equal in every 
divine perfection, and executing distinct but 
harmonious offices in the great work of redemp- 
tion. (6) 

(1) John iv. 24. God is a Spirit. Ps. cxlvii. 5. His un- 
derstanding is infinite. Ps. lxxxiii. 18. Thou whose name 
alone is JEHOVAH, art the Most High over all the earth. 
Heb. iii. 4. Rom. i, 20. Jer. x. 10. 

(2) Ex. xv. II. Who is like unto Thee — glorious in 
holiness? Isa. vi. 3. I Pet. i. 15, 16. Rev. iv. 6-8. 

(3) Mark xii. 30. Thou shalt love the Lord thy God 
with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all 
thy rnind, and with all thy strength. Rev. iv. II. Thou 
art worthy, O Lord, to receive glory, and honor, and pow- 
er. Matt. x. 37. Jer. ii. 12, 13. 

(4) Matt, xxviii. 19. Go ye therefore and teach all 
nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and 
of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. John xv. 26. I Cor. 
xii. 4-6. I John v. 7. 

(5) John x. 30. I and my Father are one. John v. 17; 
xiv. 23; xvii. 5, 10. Acts v. 3, 4. 1 Cor. ii. 10, 11. Phil, 
ii. 5, 6. 

(6) Ephes. ii. 18. For through Him (the Son) we both 
have an access by one Spirit unto the Father. 2 Cor. 
xiii. 14. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and the 
love of God, and the communion of the Holy Ghost, be 
with you all. Rev. i. 4, 5. 



Method In Management. 105 

III.— The Fall of Man. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that Man was 
created in holiness, under the law of his Maker ; 
but by voluntary transgression fell from that 
holy and happy state; (2) in consequence of 
which all mankind are now sinners, (3) not by 
constraint but choice; (4) being by nature ut- 
terly void of that holiness required by the law 
of God, positively inclined to evil ; and therefore 
under just condemnation to eternal ruin, (5) 
without defense or excuse. (6) 

(1) Gen. i. 27. God created man in his own image. Gen. 
i. 31. And God saw everything that he had made, and 
behold, it was very good. Eccles. vii. 29. Acts. xvii. 26. 
Gen. ii. 16. 

(2) Gen. iii. 6-24. And when the woman saw that the 
tree was good for food, and that it was pleasant to the 
eyes, and a tree to be desired to make one wise; she took 
of the fruit thereof, and did eat; and gave also unto her 
husband with her, and he did eat. Rom. v. 12. 

(3) Rom. v. 19 By one man's disobedience many were 
made sinners. John iii. 6. Ps. Ii. 5. Rom. v. 15-19; viii. 7. 

(4) Isa. liii. 6. We have turned, every one to his own 
way. Gen. vi. 12. Rom. iii. 9-18. 

(5) Eph. ii. 3. Among whom also we all had our con- 
versation in times past in the lusts of our flesh, fulfilling 
the desires of the flesh and of the mind; and were by 
nature the children of wrath even as others. Rom. i. 18. 
Rom. i. 32; ii. 1-16. Gal. iii. 10. Matt. xx. 15. 

(6) Ez. xviii. 19, 20. The soul that sinneth it shall die. 
The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither 
shall the father bear the iniquity of the son. Rom. i. 20. 
So that they are withoutexcuse. Rom. iii. 19. That every 
mouth may be stopped and all the world may become 
guilty beore God. ' Gal. iii. 22. 



106 Method In Management. 

IV. — The Way of Salvation. 
We believe the Scriptures teach that the sal- 
vation of sinners is wholly of grace ; (1) through 
the mediatorial offices of the Son of God; (2) 
who by the appointment of the Father, freely 
took upon him our nature, yet without sin; (3) 
honored the divine law by his personal obedi- 
ence, (4) and by his death made a full atone- 
ment for our sins; (5) that having risen from 
the dead, he is now enthroned in heaven; (6) 
and uniting in his wonderful person the tender- 
est sympathies with divine perfections, he is 
every way qualified to be a suitable, a compass- 
ionate and an all- sufficient Saviour. (7) 

(1) Eph. ii. 5. By grace ye are saved. Matt, xviii. 11. 

1 John iv. 10. 1 Cor. iii. 5-7. Acts xv. 11. 

(2) John iii. 16. For God so loved the world that he 
gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in 
him should not perish, but have everlasting life. John i. 
14. Heb. iv. 14; xii. 24. 

(3) Phil. ii. 6, 7. Who being in the form of God, thought 
it not robbery to be equal with God; but .made himself of 
no reputation, and took upon him the form of a servant, 
and was made in the likeness of men. Heb. ii. 9; ii. 14. 

2 Cor. v. 21. 

(4) Isa. xlii. 21. The Lord is well pleased for his right- 
eousness' sake: he will magnify the law and make it hon- 
orable. Phil. ii. 8. Gal. iv. 4, 5. Rom. iii. 21. 

(5) Isa. liii. 4, 5. He was wounded for our transgress- 
ions, he was bruised for our iniquities; the chastisement 
of our peace was upon him; and with his stripes we are 
healed. Matt xx. 28 Rom. iii. 21; iv.. 25-26. 1 John iv. 
10; ii. 2. 1 Cor. xv. 1-3. Heb. ix. 13-15. 

(6) 1 Peter iii. 22. Who is gone into Heaven, and is on 
the right hand of God, angels and authorities and powers 
being made subject unto Him. Heb. ix. 24. Heb. i. 3; 
viii. 1. Col. iii. 1-4. 

(7) Heb. vii. 25. Wherefore he is able also to save 
them to the uttermost that come unto God by him, seeing 
he ever liveth to make intercession for them. Col. ii. 9. 
For in him dwelleth all the fulness of the Godhead bodily. 
Heb. ii. 18. Heb. vii. 26. Ps. lxxxix. 19. Ps. xlv. 



Method In Management. 107 

V. — Justification. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that the 
great Gospel blessing which Christ (1) secures 
to such as believe in Him is justification; (2) 
that justification includes the pardon of sin, (3) 
and the promise of eternal life on principles of 
righteousness; (4) that it is bestowed, not in 
consideration of any works of righteousness 
which we have done, but solely through faith 
in the Redeemer's blood; (5) by virtue of which 
faith His perfect righteousness is freely impu- 
ted us to God; (6) that it brings unto a state 
of most blessed peace and favor with God, and 
secures every other blessing needful for time 
and eternity. (7) 



(1) John i. 16. Of his fullness have we all received. Eph. 
xiii. 8. 

(2) Acts xiii. 39. By him all that believe are justified 
from all things. Isa. iii. 11, 12. Rom. v. ii. 1. 

(3) Rom. v. 9. Being justified by his blood, we shall 
be saved from wrath through him. Zech. xiii. 1. Matt, 
ix. 6. Acts x. 43. 

(4) Rom. v. 17. They which receive the abundance of 
grace and of the gift of righteousness, shall reign in life 
by one, Jesus Christ. Titus iii. 5, 6. I Pet. iii. 7. 1 John 
ii. 25. Rom. v. 21. 

(5) Rom. iv. 4, 5. Now to him that worketh is the re- 
ward not reckoned of grace, but of debt. But to him that 
worketh not, but believeth on him that justifieth the un- 
godly his faith is counted for righteousness. Rom. v. 
21; vi. 23. Phil. iii. 7-9. 

(6) Rom. v. 19. By the obedience of one shall many be 
.made righteous. Rom. iii. 24-26; iv. 23-25. 1 John ii. 12. 

(7) Rom. v. 1, 2. Being justified by faith, we have 
peace with God, through our Lord Jesus Christ; by whom 
also we have access by faith into this grace wherein we 
stand, and rejoice in hope of the glory of God. Rom. v. 3. 
Rom. v 11. 1 Cor. i. 30, 31. Mat. vi. 33. 1 Tim. iv. 8. 



108 Method In Management. 

VI. — The Freeness of Salvation. 
We believe the Scriptures teach that the bless- 
ings of salvation are made free to all by the 
Gospel: (1) that it is the immediate duty of all 
to accept them by a cordial, penitent and obedi- 
ent faith; (2) and that nothing prevents the sal- 
vation of the greatest sinner on earth, but his 
own determined depravity and voluntary rejec- 
tion of the Gospel; (3) which rejection involves 
him in an aggravated condemnation. (4) 

(1) Isa. lv. 1. Ho, every one that thirsteth, come ye 
to the waters. Rev. xxii. 17. Whosoever will let him 
take the water of life freely. Luke xiv. 17. 

(2) Acts xvii. 30. And the times of this ignorance God 
winked at, but now commandeth all men everywhere to 
repent. Rom. xvi. 26. Mark i. 15. Rom. i. 15-17. 

(3) John v. 40. Ye will not come to me, that ye might 
have life. Matt, xxiii. 37. Rom. ix. 32. Prov. i. 24. Acts 
xiii. 46 

(4) John iii. 19. And this is the condemnation, that light 
is come into the world, and men loved darkness rather 
than light because their deeds were evil. Matt. xi. 20. 
Luke xix. 27. 2 Thess. i. 8. 



VII. — Regeneration. 

We believe that the Scriptures teach that in 
order to be saved, sinners must be regenerated, 
or born again; (1) that regeneration consist* 
in giving holy disposition to the mind; (2) that 
it is effected in a manner above our comprehen- 
sion by the power of the Holy Spirit, in con- 
nection with divine truth; (3) so as to secure 
our voluntary obedience to the Gospel ; (4) and 
that its proper evidence appears in the holy 



Method In Management. 109 

fruits of repentance, and faith and newness of 
life. (5) 

(1) John iii. 3. Verily, verily, I say unto thee, except a 
man be born again, he cannot see the kingdom of God. 
John iii. 6, 7. 1 Cor. i. 14. Rev. viii. 7-9; Rev. xxi. 27. 

(2) 2 Cor. v. 17. If any man be in Christ, he is a new 
creature. Ez. xxxvi. 26. Deut. xxx. 6. Rom ii. 28, 29. v. 
5. 1 John iv. 7. 

(3) John iii. 8. The wind bloweth where it listeth, and 
thou hearest the sound thereof, but canst not tell whence 
it cometh, and whither it goeth; so is every one that is 
born of the Spirit. John i. 13. James i. 16-18. 1 Cor. i. 
30. Phil. ii. 13. 

(4) 1 Pet. i. 22-25. Ye have purified your souls in obey- 
ing the truth through the Spirit. 1 John v. 1. Eph. iv. 
20-24; Col. iii. 9-11. 

(5) Eph. v. 9. The fruit of the Spirit is in all goodness 
and righteousness, and truth. Rom. viii. 9. Gal. v. 16-23. 
Eph. iii. 14-21. Matt. iii. 8-10; vii. 20. 1 John v. 4, 18. 

VIII. — Repentance and Faith 

We believe the Scriptures teach that repent- 
ance and faith are sacred duties, and also in- 
separable graces, wrought in our souls by the 
regenerating Spirit of God; (1) whereby being 
deeply convinced of our guilt, danger and help- 
lessness, and of the way of salvation by Christ, 
(2) we turn to God with unfeigned contrition, 
confession, and supplication for mercy; (3) at 
the same time heartily receiving the Lord Jesus 
Christ as our prophet, priest, and king, and re- 
lying on him alone as the only and all-sufficient 
Saviour. (4) 

(1) Mark i. 15. Repent ye, and believe the Gospel. 
Acts xi. 18. Then hath God also to the Gentiles granted 
repentance unto life. Ephes. ii. 8. By grace ye are saved, 
through faith; and not of yourselves; it is the gift of God. 
1 John v. 1. 



110 Method In Management. 

(2) John xvi. 8. He will reprove the world of sin, and 
of righteousness, and of judgment. Acts 11, 38. Then 
Peter said unto them, Repent, and be baptized every one 
of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the remission of 
sins. Acts xvi. 30, 31. 

„(3) Luke xviii. 13. And the publican smote upon his 
breast, saying, God be merciful to me a sinner. Luke 
xv. 18-21 James iv. 7-10. 2 Cor. vii. 11. Rome x. 12, 13. 
Ps.li. 

(4) Rom. x. 9-11. If thou shalt confess with thy mouth 
the Lord Jesus, and shalt believe in thy heart that God 
hath raised him from the dead, thou shalt be saved. Acts 
iii. 22, 23. Heb. iv. 14. Ps. ii. 6. Heb. i. 8; viii. 25. 2 
Tim. i. 12. 

IX. — God's Pukpose of Geace. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that election 
is the eternal purpose of God, according to 
which He graciously regenerates, sanctifies and 
saves sinners; (1) that being perfectly consist- 
ent with the free agency of man, it comprehends 
all the means in connection with the end; (2) 
that it is a most glorious display of God's sov- 
ereign goodness, being infinitely free, wise, holy 
and unchangeable; (3) that it utterly excludes 
boasting, and promotes humility, love, prayer, 
praise, trust in God, and active imitation of his 
free mercy; (4) that it encourages the use of 
means in the highest degree; that it may be as- 
certained by its effects in all who truly believe 
the Gospel; (6) that it is the foundation of 
Christian assurance; (7) and that to ascertain 
it with regard to ourselves demands and de- 
serves the utmost diligence. (8) 

(1) 2 Tim. i. 8, 9. But be thou partaker of the afflict- 
ions of the Gospel,according to the power of God; who 
hath saved us and called us with a holy calling, not accord- 



Method In Management. Ill 

ing to our works, but according to his own purpose and 
grace, which was given us in Christ Jesus before the 
world began. Eph. i. 3-14. 1 Pet. i. 1, 2. Rom. xi. 5, 6. 
John xv. 16. 1 John iv. 19. Hos. xii. 9. 

(2) 2 Thess. ii. 13, 14. But we are bound to give thanks 
always to God for you, brethren beloved of the Lord, be- 
cause God hath from the beginning chosen you to salva- 
tion, through sanctification of the Spirit and belief of 
the truth; whereunto he called you by our Gospel, to the 
obtaining of the glory of our Lord Jesus Christ. Acts 
xiii. 48. John x. 16. Matt. xx. 16. Acts xv. 14. 

(3) Ex. xxxiii. 13, 19. And he said, I will cause all my 
goodness to pass before thee, and I will proclaim the 
name of the Lord before thee, and will be gracious to 
whom I will be gracious, and will show mercy on whom 
I will show mercy. Matt. xx. 15. Eph. i. 11. Rom. ix. 
23,24. Jer. xxxi. 3. Rom. xi. 28, 29. Jam. i. 17, 18. 2 
Tim. i. 9. Rom. xi. 32, 36. 

(4) 1 Cor. iv. 7. For who maketh thee, to differ from 
another? and what hast thou that thou didst not receive? 
Now if thou didst receive it, why dost thou glory as if 
thou hadst not received it? 1 Cor. i. 26-31. Rom. iii. 27; 
iv. 16. Col. iii. 12. 1 Cor. iii. 5-7; xv. 10. 

(5) 2 Tim. ii. 10. Therefore I endure all things for the 
elects' sake, that they also may obtain the salvation which 
is in Christ Jesus with eternal glory. 1 Cor. ix. 22. Rom. 
viii. 28-30. John vi. 37-40. 2 Pet. i. 10. 

(6) 1 Thess. 4, 10. Knowing, brethren beloved, your 
election of God. 

(7) Rom. viii. 28-30. Moreover, whom he did predisti- 
nate, them he also called, and whom he called them he 
also justified, and whom he justified them he also glori- 
fied. Isa. xlii. 16. Rom. xi. 29. 

(8) 2 Pet. i. 10, 11. Wherefore the rather, brethren, give 
diligence to make your calling and election sure. Phil. 
iii. 12. Heb. vi. 11. 



X. — Sanctification. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that Sancti- 
fication is the process by which, according to 
the will of God, we are made partakers of His 
holiness; (1) that it is a progressive work; (2) 
that it is begun in regeneration; (3) that it is 



112 Method In Management. 

carried on in the hearts of believers by the pre- 
sence and power of the Holy Spirit, the Sealer 
and Comforter, in the continual use of the ap- 
pointed means — especially the word of God — 
self-examination, self-denial, watchfulness, and 
prayer; (4) and in the practice of all godly ex- 
ercises and duties. (5) 

(1) Thess. iv. 3. For this is the will of God, even your 
sanctifieation. 1. Thess. v. 23. And the very God of 
peace sanctify you wholly. 2 Cor vii. 1; xiii. 9. Ephes. 
i. 4. 

(2) Prov. iv. 18. The path of the just is as the shining 
light, which shineth more and more, unto the perfect 
day. 2 Cor. iii. 18. Heb. vi. 1. 2 Peter i. 5-8. Phil. 12-16. 

(3) 1 John ii. 29. If ye know that He (God), is right- 
eous, ye know that everyone that doeth righteousness is 
born of Him. Rom. viii. 5. John iii. 6. Phil. i. 9-11. 
Ephes. i. 13, 14. 

(4) Phil. ii. 12, 13. Work out your own salvation with 
fear and trembling, for it is God which worketh in you 
both to will and to do, of his good pleasure. Ephes. iv. 
11, 12. 1 Peter ii. 2. 2 Peter iii. 18. 2 Cor. xiii. 5. Luke 
xi. 35; ix. 23. Matt. xxvi. 41. Ephes. vi. 18; iv. 30, 

(5) 1 Tim. 4, 7. Exercise thyself unto godliness. 

XI. — Pekseveeance of Saints. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that such on- 
ly are real believers as endure unto the end ; (1) 
that their perserving attachment to Christ is 
the grand mark which distinguishes them from 
superficial professors; (2) that a special Pro- 
vidence watches over their welfare; (3) and 
they are kept by the power of Grod through faith 
unto salvation. (4) 

(1) John viii. 31. Then said Jesus, If ye continue in my 
word, then are ye my disciples indeed. 1 John ii. 27, 28; 
iii. 9; v. 18. 



Method In Management. 113 

(2) John ii. 19. They went out from us, but they were 
not of us; for if they had been of us, they would no doubt 
have continued with us; but they went out that it might 
be made manifest that they were not all of us. John xiii. 
18. Matt. xiii. 20, 21. John vi. 66-69. 

(3) Rom. viii. 28. And we know all things work together 
for good unto them that love God, to them who are the 
called according to his purpose. Matt. vi. 30-33. Jer. 
xxxii. 40. Ps. xci. 11, 12; cxxi. 3. 

(4) Phil. i. 6. He who hath begun a good work in you 
will perform it until the day of Jesus Christ. Phil. ii. 12, 
13. Jude 24, 25. Heb. i. 14; xiii. 5. 2 Kings vi. 16. 1 
John iv. 4. 

XII. — The Law and Gospel. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that the Law 
of God is the eternal and unchangeable rule of 
His moral government; (1) that it is holy, just 
and good; (2) and that the inability which the 
Scriptures ascribe to fallen men to fulfill its 
precepts arises entirely from their sinful na- 
ture ; (3) to deliver them from which, and to re- 
store them through a Mediator to unfeigned 
obedience to the holy Law, is one great end of 
the Gospel, and of the Means of Grace connect- 
ed with the establishment of the visible church. 
(4) 

(1) Rom. iii. 31. Do we make void the law through 
faith, God forbid. Yea, we establish the law. Matt. v. 17. 
Luke, xvi. 17. Rom. iii. 20; iv. 15. 

(2) Rom. vii. 12. The Law is holy, and the command- 
ment holy, and just, and good. Rom. vii. 7, 14, 22. Gal. 
iii. 21. Psalm cxix. 

(3) Rom. viii. 7, 8. The carnal mind is enmity against 
God; for it is not subject to the law of God, neither in- 
deed can be. So then they that are in the flesh cannot 
please God. Josh. xxiv. 19. Jer. xiii. 23. John vi. 44; 
v. 44. 

(4) Rom. viii. 2, 4. For the law of the Spirit of Life 



114 Method In Management. 

in Christ Jesus hath made me free from the law of the 
sin and death. For what the law could not do, in that 
it was weak through the flesh, God sending his own Son 
in the likeness of sinful flesh, and for sin, condemned sin 
in the flesh; that the righteousness of the law might be 
fulfilled in us, who walk not after the flesh, but after the 
Spirit. Rom. x. 4. 1 Tim. i. 5. Heb. viii. 10. Jude, 20, 
21. Heb. xii. 14. Matt. xvi. 17, 18. 1 Cor. xii. 28. 

XIII. — A Gospel Church. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that a visi- 
ble Church of Christ is a congregation of bap- 
tized believers; (1) associated by covenant in 
the faith and fellowship of the Gospel; (2) ob- 
serving the ordinances of Christ; (3) governed 
by His laws ; (4) and exercising the gifts, rights, 
and privileges invested in them by His word; 
(5) that its only scriptural officers are Bishops 
or Pastors, and Deacons; (6) whose qualifica- 
tions, claims, and duties are defined in the Epis- 
tles to Timothy and Titus. 

(1) Acts ii 41, 42. Then they that gladly received his 
word were baptized; and the same day there were added 
to them about three thousand souls. Acts v. 11; viii. 1; 
xi. 31; 1 Cor. iy. 17; 1 Tim. Hi. 5. 

(2) 2 Cor. viii. 5. They first gave their own selves to 
the Lord, and unto us by the will of God. Acts ii. 47. 
1 Cor. v. 11, 18. 

(3) 1 Cor. xi. 2. Now I praise you brethren, that ye 
reme.mber me in all things, and keep the ordinances as I 
delivered them to you. 2 Thess. iii. 7. Rom. xvi. 17-20. 
1. Cor., xi. 23. Matt, xviii. 15-20. 1 Cor. v. 5. 

(4) Matt, xxviii. 20. Teaching them to observe all 
things whatsoever I have commanded you. John xiv. 15; 
xv. 1 John iv. 21. 1 Thes. iv. 2. 2 John, 6. 

(5) Ephes. iv. 7. Unto every one of us is given grace 
according to the measure of the gift of Christ. 1 Cor. 
xiv. 12. Seek that ye may excel to the edifying of the 
church. 

(6) Phil. i. 1. With the Bishops and Deacons. Acts 
xiv. 23: xv 22. 1 Tim. iii. Titus i. 



Method In Management. 115 

XIV. — Christian Baptism. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that Chris- 
tian Baptism is the immersion in water of a 
believer in Christ; (1) into the name of the 
Father, and Son, and Holy Grhost; (2) to show 
forth in a solemn and beautiful emblem, our 
faith in the crucified, buried and risen Saviour, 
with its effect, in our death to sin and resurrect- 
ion to a new life; (3) that it is prerequisite to 
the privileges of a church relation, and to the 
Lord's Supper. (4) 

(1) Acts viii. 36-39. And the eunuch said, See, here is 
water; what doth hinder me to be baptized? And Philip 
said, If thou believest with all thy heart thou mayest.... 
And they went down into the water, both Philip and the 
/eunuch, and he baptized him. Matt. iii. 5, 6. John iii. 22, 
23; iv.. 1, 2. Matt, xxviii. 19. Mark xvi. 16. Acts ii. 38; 
viii. 12; xvi. 32-34; xviii. 8. 

(2) Matt, xviii. 19. Baptizing them in the name of the 
Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost. Acts x. 47, 
48. Gal. iii. 27, 28. 

(3) Rom. vi. 4. Therefore we are buried with him by 
baptism into death; that like as Christ was raised from 
the dead by the glory of the Father, even so we also, 
should walk in newness of life. Col. ii. 12. 1 Peter in. 20, 
21. Acts xxii. 16. . 

(4) Acts ii. 41, 42. Then they that gladly received his 
word were baptized, and they were added to them, the 
same day, about three thousand souls. And they contin- 
ued steadfastly in the apostles' doctrine and fellowship, 
and in breaking of bread, and in prayers. Matt. xxvm. 
19, 20. 

XV.— The Lord's Supper. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that the 

Lord's Supper is a provision of bread and wine, 

as symbols of Christ's body and blood, partaken 

of by the members of the Church; (1) in com- 



116 Method In Management. 

memoration of the suffering and death of their 
Lord; (2) showing their faith and participation 
in the merits of His sacrifice, and their hope of 
eternal life through His resurrection from the 
dead ; its observance to be preceded by faithful 
self-examination. (3) 

(1) Luke xxii. 19, 20. And he took bread, and gave 
thanks, and brake, and gave unto them saying: This is 
my body which is given for you; this do in remembrance 
of me. Likewise also the cup after supper, saying, this 
cup is the New Testament in my blood, which is shed for 
you. Mark xiv. 20-26. Matt. xxvi. 27-30. 1 Cor. xi 27-30. 
1 Cor. x. 16. 

(2) 1 Cor. xi. 26. For, as often as ye eat this bread, 
and drink this cup, ye do sihow the Lord's death until he 
come. Matt, xxviii. 20. 

(3) 1 Cor. xi. 28. But let a man examine himself, and 
so let him eat of that bread, and drink of that cup. Acts 
ii. 42, 46; xx. 7, 11. 



XVI. — The Cheistian Sabbath. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that the first 
day of the week is the Lord's Pay, or Christian 
Sabbath; (1) and is to be kept sacred to relig- 
ious purposes; (2) by abstaining from all secu- 
lar labor except works of mercy and necessity; 
(3) by the devout observance of all the means 
of grace, both private; (4) and public; (5) and 
by preparation for that rest that remaineth for 
the people of God. (6) 

(1) Acts xx. 7. On the first day of the week, when the 
disciples came together to break bread, Paul preached to 
tihem. Gen. ii. 3. Col. ii. 16, 17. Mark ii. 27. John xx. 
19. 1 Cor. xvi. 1, 2. 

(2) Ex. xx. 8. Re,member the Sabbath Day, to keep it 



Method In Management. 117 

holy. Rev. i. 10. I was in the Spirit on the Lord's Day. 
Ps. cxviii. 24. 

(3) Isa. lviii. 13, 14. If thou turn away thy foot from 
the Sabbath, from doing thy pleasure on my holy day; 
and call the Sabbath a delight, the holy of the Lord hon- 
orable; and shalt honor him, not doing thine own ways, 
nor finding thine own pleasure, nor speaking thine own 
words; then shalt thou delight thyself in the Lord, and I 
will cause thee to ride upon the high places of the earth, 
and feed thee with the heritage of Jacob. Isa. lvi. 2-8. 

(4) Ps. cxviii. 15. The voice of rejoicing and salvation 
is in the tabernacles of ""the righteous. 

(5) Heb. x. 24, 25. Not forsaking the assembling of 
yourselves together, as the manner of some is. Acts xiii. 
44. The next Sabbath Day came almost the whole city 
together to hear the word of God. Lev. xix. 30. Ex. 
xlvi. 3. Luke iv. 16. Acts xvii. 2, 3. Ps. xxvi. 8; lxxxvii. 
3. 

(6) Heb. iv. 3-11. Let us labor therefore to enter into 
that rest. 

XVII. — Civil Government. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that civil 
government is of divine appointment, for the 
interest and good order of human society; (1) 
and that magistrates are to be prayed for, con- 
scientiously honored and obeyed; (2) except 
only in things opposed to the will of our Lord 
Jesus Christ; (3) who is the only Lord of the 
conscience, and the Prince of the kings of the 
earth. (4) 

(1) Rom. xiii. 1-7. The powers that be are ordained 
of God. For rulers are not a terror to good works,, but 
to the evil. Deut. xvi. 18. 2 Sam. xxiii. 3. Ex. xviii. 23. 
Ter. xxx. 21. 

(2) Matt. xxii. 21. Render therefore unto Caesar the 
things that are Caesar's and unto God the things that are 
God's. Titus iii. 1. 1 Pet. ii, 13. I Tim. ii. 1-8. 

(3) Acts v. 29. We ought to obey God rather than man 
— Matt. x. 28. Fear not them which kill the body, but 



118 Method In Management. 

are not able to kill the soul. Dan. Hi. 15-18; vi. 7, 10. 
Acts iv. 18-20. 

(4) Matt, xxiii. 10. Ye have one Master, even Christ. 
Ro,m. xiv. 4. Who art thou that judgest another man's 
servant? Rev. xix 14. And he hath on his vesture and 
on his thigh a name written, KING OF KINGS AND 
LORD OF LORDS. Ps. lxxii. 11. Ps. ii. Rom. xiv. 9-13. 



XVIII. — Righteous and Wicked. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that there 
is a radical and essential difference between 
the righteous and the wicked ; (1) that such only 
as through faith are justified in the name of the 
Lord Jesus, and sanctified by the Spirit of our 
God, are truly righteous in His esteem; (2) 
while all such as continue in impenitence and 
unbelief are in His sight wicked and under the 
curse; (3) and this distinction holds among men 
both in and after death. (4) 

(1) Mai. iii. 18. Ye shall discern between the righteous 
and the wicked; between him that serveth God and him 
that serveth him not. Prov. xii. 26. Isa. v. 20. Gen. 
xviii. 23. Jer. xv. 19. Acts x. 34, 35. Rom. vi. 16. 

(2) Rom. i. 17. The just shall live by faith. Rom. vii. 
6. We are delivered from the law, that being dead where- 
in we were held, that we should serve in newness of 
spirit, and not in the oldness of the letter. 1 John ii. 29. 
If ye know that he is righteous, ye know that everyone 
that doeth righteousness is born of him. 1 John iii. 7. 
Rom. vi. 18, 22. 1 Cor. xi. 32. Prov. xi. 31. 1 Pet. iv. 
17, 18. 

(3) 1 John v. 19. And we know that we are^ of God* 
and the whole world lieth in wickedness. Gal. iii. 10. As 
many as are of the works of the law, are under the curse. 
Tohn iii. 36. Isa. lvii. 21. Ps. x. 4. Isa. Iv. 6, 7. 

(4) Prov. xiv. 32. The wicked is driven away in his 
wickedness, but the righteous hath hone in his death. 
Luke xvi. 25. Thou in the lifetime receivedest thy good 
things, and likewise Lazarus evil things; but now he is 



Method In Management. 119 

comforted, and thou art tormented. John viii. 21-24. Prov. 
x. 24. Luke xii. 4, 5; xi. 23-26. John xii. 25-26. Eccl. 
iii. 17. Matt. vii. 13, 14. 



XIX. — The World to Come. 

We believe the Scriptures teach that the end 
of the world is approaching; (1) that at the 
Last Day, Christ will descend from heaven; (2) 
and raise the dead from the grave for final 
retribution; (3) that a solemn separation will 
then take place ; (4) that the wicked will be ad- 
judged to endless punishment, and the right- 
eous to endless joy; (5) and that this judgment 
will fix forever the final state of men in heaven 
or hell, on principles of righteousness. 

SEEING THEN THAT ALL THESE THINGS SHALL BE 
DISSOLVED, WHAT MANNER OF PERSONS OUGHT YE 
TO BE IN ALL HOLY CONVERSATION AND GODLINESS, 
LOOKING FOR AND HASTING UNTO THE COMING OF 

the day of god ? 2 Peter iii : 11, 12. 

(1) Pet. iv. 7. But the end of all things is at hand; be 
ye therefore sober, and watch unto prayer. 1 Cor. vii. 
29-31. Heb. i. 10-12. Matt. xxiv. 35. 1 John ii. 17. Matt, 
xxviii. 20; xiii. 39, 40. 2 Pet. iii. 3-13. 

(2) Acts i. 11. This same Jesus which is takenjip from 
you into heaven, shall so come in like manner as ye have 
seen him pro into heaven. Rev. i. 7. Heb. ix. 28. Acts 
iii. 21. I Thess. iv. 13-18; v. 1-11. 

' (3) Acts xxiv. 15. There shall be a resurrection of the 
dead, both of the just and the unjust. 1 Cor. xv. 12-59. 
Luke xiv. 14. Dan xii. 2. John v. 28, 29; vi. 40; xi. 25, 26. 
2 Tim. i.* 10. Acts x. 42. 

(4) Matt. xiii. 49. The angels shall come forth, and 
sever the wicked from among the just. Matt. xiii. 37-43; 
xxiv. 30,31; xxv. 31-33. 

(5) Matt xxv. 35-41. And these shall go away into 
everlasting punishment, but the righteous into life eternal. 



120 Method In Management. 

Rev. xxii. 11. He that is unjust let him be unjust still; 
and he which is filthy let him be filthy still; and he that 
is righteous let him be righteous still; and he that is holy 
let him be holy still. 1 Cor. vi. 9, 10. Mark ix. 43-48. 
2 Pet. ii. 9. Jude 7. Phi. iii. 19. Rom. vi. 22. 2 Cor. v. 
10, 11. John iv. 36. 2 Cor. iv. 18. 

(6) Rom. iii. 5, 6. Is God unrighteous, who taketh 
vengeance? (I speak as a man.) God forbid; for how then 
shall God judge the world? 2 Thess. i. 6-12. Seeing it 
is a righteous thing with God to recompense tribulation 
to them who trouble you, and to you who are troubled, 
rest with us — when we shall come to be glorified in his 
saints, and to be admired in all them that believe. Heb. 
vi. 1, 2. 1 Cor. iv. 5. Acts xvii. 31. Rom. ii. 2-16. Rev. 
xx. 11, 12. 1 John ii. 28; iv. 17. 



Method In Management. 121 

APPENDIX V. 

COVENANT. 

Having been, as we trust, brought by divine 
grace to embrace the Lord Jesus Christ, and to 
give ourselves wholly to Him, we do now sol- 
emnly and joyfully covenant with each other, 

TO WALK TOGETHEK IN HIM, WITH BROTHERLY LOVE 

to His glory, as our common Lord. We do there- 
fore, in His strength, engage — 

That we will exercise a Christian care and 
watchfulness over each other, and faithfully 
warn, exhort, and admonish each other as oc- 
casion may require : 

That we will not forsake the assembling of 
ourselves together, but will uphold the public 
worship of God, and the ordinances of His 
house : 

That we will not omit closet and family relig- 
ion at home, nor neglect the great duty of re- 
ligiously training our children, and those under 
our care, for the service of Christ, and the en- 
joyment of heaven: 

That, as we are the light of the world, and 
salt of the earth, we will seek divine aid, to en- 
able us to deny ungodliness, and every worldly 
lust, and to walk circumspectly in the world, 
that we may win the souls of men : 

That we will cheerfully contribute of our pro- 
perty, according as God has prospered us, for 
the maintainance of a faithful and evangelical 



122 Method In Management. 

ministry among us, for the support of the poor, 
and to spread the Gospel over the earth : 

That we will in all conditions, even till death, 
strive to live to the glory of Him who hath call- 
ed us out of darkness into His marvelous light. 

"And may the God of peace, who brought 
again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great 
Shepherd of the sheep, through the blood of the 
everlasting covenant, make us perfect in every 
good work, to do His will, working in us that 
which is well pleasing in His sight through 
Jesus Christ; to whom be glory, forever and 
ever. Amen." 



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